Four executions are scheduled across the US this week, marking a sharp increase in killings as Donald Trump has pushed to revive the death penalty despite growing concerns about states’ methods.
Executions are set to take place in Alabama, Florida and South Carolina. A fourth, scheduled in Oklahoma, has been temporarily blocked by a judge, but the state’s attorney general is challenging the ruling.
The killings are being carried out by Republican-run states where civil rights lawyers say past executions have been botched and tortuous and included the killing of people who have said they were wrongfully convicted and subject to racially biased proceedings.
Nineteen people have been executed in the US in 2025 so far, and if this week’s four executions proceed, along with two more scheduled for later in June, the country will see 25 executions by the end of the month – the same number of killings carried out in all of 2024. In the first five months of 2025, the US has carried out the highest number of executions in a decade year-to-date, according to the Death Penalty Information Center, a non-profit that tracks capital punishment.
In Alabama on Tuesday, Gregory Hunt is set to become the fifth person executed by nitrogen suffocation in the state. Last year, the state’s use of gas to kill Kenneth Smith took roughly 22 minutes, with witnesses saying his body violently shook during the procedure.
Also on Tuesday, Florida is set to kill Anthony Wainwright by lethal injection, which would make him the sixth person put to death in the state this year. Florida is leading the US this year in executions as the Republican governor, Ron DeSantis, has aggressively pursued capital punishment and as state legislators have sought to expand parameters of the death penalty in ways that experts say are unconstitutional.
Florida is also the only state to use a controversial anesthetic called etomidate in its lethal injections despite the pharmaceutical inventors saying it should not be used for executions. One man killed by lethal injection in the state in 2018 screamed and thrashed on a gurney as he was put to death.
John Hanson is scheduled to be executed by the state of Oklahoma on Thursday. Hanson had been in federal prison in Louisiana serving a life sentence, and in 2022, when Oklahoma sought for him to be transferred to the state for execution, the Biden administration denied the move. This year, Oklahoma’s attorney general, citing Trump’s order, pushed to have him transferred again, and the attorney general, Pam Bondi, complied.
On Monday, an Oklahoma district judge sided with Hanson’s attorney and issued a stay halting the execution, which the state’s attorney general immediately challenged to the Oklahoma court of criminal appeals. A department of corrections spokesperson told local outlets it was moving forward with plans for the Thursday execution, saying in an email to the Guardian: “We are continuing our normal process for now.”
The final execution is scheduled for Friday in South Carolina, where Stephen Stanko is set to be killed by lethal injection. The state has been rapidly killing people after reviving capital punishment last year and directs defendants to choose between firing squad, lethal injection and electrocution. Lawyers have argued that the lethal injections have led to a condition akin to suffocation and drowning and that the last death by firing squad was botched, causing prolonged suffering.
States like South Carolina have been able to push forward with executions by passing secrecy laws that shield the identities of suppliers facilitating the killings.
“The death penalty remains unpopular and practiced by a very small number of states,” said Matt Wells, deputy director of Reprieve US, a human rights non-profit. “In those states, you see an increased willingness to do whatever it takes to carry out executions. The result is we’re more likely to see executions go wrong.”
In one of his final acts, Joe Biden commuted the death sentences of 37 people on federal death row, changing their punishments to life without parole. Following Trump’s order, some local prosecutors have expressed interest in bringing state charges against commuted defendants in an effort to again sentence them to death, though they would face an uphill legal battle.
Public support for the death penalty is at a five-decade low in the US, which has seen a decrease in new death sentences, said Robin Maher, executive director of the Death Penalty Information Center.
“Elected officials are setting these executions, but it does not in any way equate to increased enthusiasm for the death penalty at large,” she said.
