Canada’s languages programs saw a 13% decline in student numbers and a 19% fall in student weeks in 2025, according to the annual Languages Canada survey. The survey attributed the decline mainly to restrictive and unpredictable visa and immigration policies.
The survey of 160 member programmes found that fewer than 82,000 students enrolled in language programmes last year, completing nearly 799,000 student weeks. This followed a 15% drop in student numbers in 2024.
The sector’s direct economic contribution fell 1% to CA$1.03 billion in 2025. The decline came as Canada tightened rules for international students, including study permit caps introduced in January 2024. The study permit approval rate fell to 36% last year.
According to The PIE News report, language providers have also faced difficulties with pathway programmes. A rule requiring separate study permits for students moving between two institutions, such as a language school and a university, created additional barriers.
A Joint Pathway Program was launched earlier this year to make it easier for students to move from private language schools to post-secondary institutions.
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International students accounted for 93% of language programme enrolments in 2025. English programmes made up 92% of enrolments, while French programmes accounted for 8%.
Japan was the largest source of students, followed by Brazil, South Korea and Mexico. Among all students, 40% entered Canada using an electronic travel authorisation, 21% used a temporary resident visa and 13% entered on a study permit.
The survey said the sector needs policy barriers to be addressed and confidence in Canada restored to support future international student enrolments.
