Monsoon brings with it a much needed respite from the blistering heat of the summer and a host of vector-borne diseases like Zika. Continuous rainfall and the consequent water logging and dampness becomes the ideal breeding ground for mosquitoes, the vector which spreads viruses like Zika. Cases of Zika virus are being reported from many corners of the country and the central government has alerted states and asked them to keep a constant vigil. However, individuals also need to exercise caution and keep themselves well informed about the virus, why it spreads, and what can be done if infected.
So, here are a few things you should know about Zika: The vector through which Zika gets transmitted is similar to other vector diseases like Dengue and Chikungunya. Patients with the Zika virus also exhibit symptoms similar to Dengue and Chikungunya. The condition is usually self-limiting, with treatment procedures being symptomatic. However, the Zika virus can cause severe complications in pregnant women, as it can cause Microcephaly (a brain disability) or Congenital Zika Syndrome in the unborn child.
Further, the Zika virus can also spread through sexual contact, transfusion of blood & blood products, and organ transplantation. Now, people must identify Zika symptoms from other vector-borne diseases and COVID-19.
Zika virus infection symptoms
Mild to high feverConjunctivitisSkin rashes/AllergiesHeadachesMuscle and joint painNausea and vomitingSometimes, atypical weakness in the upper and lower limbs
Here are a few tips to follow to stay away from the disease: It is vital not to create any form of panic, especially if necessary precautions are followed. However, if any changes are observed regarding symptoms, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately, as unnecessary delays can cause complications. Also, please do not self-medicate any illness and take all the relevant measures to stay protected and safe.
Dos and don’ts: People detected with the virus must stay indoors, rest as much as possible & drink plenty of fluids. Pregnant women should refrain from travelling, especially to infected areas. No specific treatment is required; usually, it is a self-limiting condition.
The only way to prevent infection from the Zika virus is to reduce the risk of being bitten by a mosquito. Since the mosquito bites mainly during the daytime, always ensure that your living areas are clean and no stagnant water is seen anywhere. Make sure that all pots and buckets are emptied so that mosquitoes cannot breed in such water. Some other precautions that can be followed include:
Wear full-sleeved clothes, especially when going outdoors and for children who go out to playEnsure doors and windows are closed, especially if you live in an area where mosquitoes are prevalentApply mosquito/ insect repellentsDrink only boiled/purified waterConsume fresh homemade food and avoid outside foodAvoid using Aspirin to treat fever and consult a medical expert if symptoms persist for more than 2 daysEnsure your home and indoor spaces are well ventilatedAvoid touching your nose and mouth with your hand, especially after coming from outsideAlways maintain basic hygenie and wash your hands as frequently as possibleAvoid visiting crowded places especially if you have a weak immune system as it will help to reduce the risk of contracting viral infections
(Author: Dr Anita Mathew, Director-Internal Medicine & Infectious Disease Specialist, Fortis Hospital, Mulund)
