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Manchester Evening News
Manchester Evening News
World
Fionnula Hainey

US election 2020: What is the electoral college and how does it work?

For the past few weeks, Donald Trump and Joe Biden have been campaigning across the United States in a bid to take control of the White House for the next four years.

Americans will take to the polls and votes will be counted on November 3.

But what exactly are they voting for?

The election results are decided by the electoral college - a group of electors who represent the 50 United States.

America's controversial voting system means that it is not always the winner of the popular vote who is elected president.

So what is the electoral college and how does it work?

Each state is allocated a certain number of electoral college votes based on the size of its population.

California, for example, has the most with 55, while Florida has 29 and Colorado has nine.

When Americans take to the polls they choose which candidate they want to be president.

Electors in each state will then typically back whichever candidate wins the popular vote.

To win the election, a candidate has to win at least 270 electoral college votes.

That's why campaigning is often focused on the swing states with the highest number of electoral college votes up for grabs.

The electoral college - the result in 2016 with the number of electoral votes for each state (PA Graphics)

The system is often criticised because for being unfair.

On several occasions a candidate who won the majority of the overall vote has lost due to not securing enough electoral college votes.

For example, when Donald Trump became president in 2016, he secured 304 electoral college votes.

But, his opponent Hillary Clinton won more than 2.8 million more votes than he did overall.

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