KYIV, Ukraine — An around-the-clock curfew brought the the Ukrainian capital to a standstill and Russian forces stepped up fierce attacks on civilian areas across the country Wednesday, even as both Moscow and Kyiv reported signs of progress toward halting a war that has set off a spiraling humanitarian and refugee crisis.
As more deaths, injuries and damage were reported in Kyiv, Kharkiv and other Ukrainian cities, Russian President Vladimir Putin sought to bat aside assessments by Western military officials and analysts that his forces had become bogged down in their attempt to speedily subdue Ukraine. At a televised government meeting, Putin insisted that what Russia calls its “special military operation” was going successfully and according to plan.
President Joe Biden, meanwhile, echoed growing international condemnation of the wholesale leveling of civilian areas by Putin’s forces. “I think he’s a war criminal,” Biden said of the Russian leader, speaking to reporters in Washington.
Days into the nearly 3-week-old conflict, the International Criminal Court launched a war-crimes investigation of Russia’s actions. The onslaught has sent some 3 million people, mainly women and children, fleeing for safety outside Ukraine’s borders.
At the same time, the U.S. and Russia engaged in their highest-level encounter since Russia invaded its neighbor on Feb. 24. Jake Sullivan, the White House national security adviser, talked by phone Wednesday with Gen. Nikolay Patrushev, head of Russia’s security council, and a spokeswoman said Sullivan warned against any Russian use of chemical or biological weapons in Ukraine.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, meanwhile, kept up his string of appeals to allies around the world for more forceful action and more weaponry. In a video speech to the U.S. Congress, he requested additional military aid and heavier sanctions on Russia, and repeated his request for a no-fly zone over Ukraine — an appeal rejected again Wednesday by NATO’s chief.
After a meeting of NATO defense ministers in Brussels, the alliance’s secretary-general, Jens Stoltenberg, said a no-fly zone would risk sparking a wider war.
“NATO should not deploy forces on the ground or in the airspace over Ukraine because we have a responsibility to ensure that this conflict, this war, doesn’t escalate beyond Ukraine.”
In Kyiv, plumes of smoke rose Wednesday from a 12-story apartment building in the city’s Shevchenkivskyi district, just a few miles northwest of the center, after Russian shelling left at least two people injured in a predawn attack. Several floors became engulfed in flames and the top floor was destroyed.
In the northeastern city of Kharkiv, Ukraine’s second-largest, two people were found dead and four were injured after artillery destroyed two residential buildings, Ukrainian officials said. Part of a school building was also damaged early Wednesday.
In Chernihiv, about 90 miles northeast of the capital, 10 people were shot and killed while standing in line for bread, the U.S. Embassy in Kyiv said on Twitter.
The assaults took place as a third day of negotiations was set to begin between Ukraine and Russia, the latest attempt to broker peace after the two sides failed to reach agreement during multiple rounds of previous talks.
In an early-morning video, Zelenskyy said that the demands of both nations were sounding “more realistic.” But he said that “time is still needed for the decisions to be in the interests of Ukraine.”
In Moscow, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov agreed that a “business-like spirit” had begun to mark the talks. He told Russian channel RBK TV that “a neutral status (for Ukraine) is being seriously discussed in connection with security guarantees,” but there was no confirmation of that from Kyiv.
Zelenskyy, who met Tuesday with leaders of three European Union and NATO states — Poland, Slovenia and the Czech Republic — and spoke the same day to the Canadian Parliament in a video address, took his case directly to U.S. lawmakers on Wednesday.
Speaking to a joint session of Congress, he asked the Biden administration to ramp up its efforts to help Ukraine by supporting a no-fly zone over the nation, sending fighter jets and sanctioning more Russians.
Congress recently approved $13.6 billion in emergency military and humanitarian aid for the embattled nation and is expected to send even more.
But the Biden administration has been steadfast in refusing to support a NATO-enforced no-fly zone over Ukraine because of the risk of direct military confrontation with Russia. It has also resisted Zelenskyy’s calls to transfer Polish MiG fighter jets to Ukraine via a U.S. military base in Germany.
It’s unclear how much the outpouring of U.S. and Western assistance will help the country, which has impressed the world by fending off a bigger, more militarily advanced enemy, but also suffered hundreds of deaths and severe losses of territory, especially in the east and south. Outside the southern port city of Mariupol, desperately needed aid convoys have been blocked in recent days.
While he tries to rally more international support, Zelenskyy has appeared to shift on the key issue of NATO membership for Ukraine, pursuit of which is enshrined in the country’s constitution. On Tuesday, he said he accepted that his nation would not join the trans-Atlantic alliance.
“It is clear that Ukraine is not a member of NATO — we understand this,” Zelenskyy said in a speech to the Joint Expeditionary Force, a British-led group of 10 North Atlantic countries on rapid crisis response. “For years we heard about the apparently open door, but have already also heard that we will not enter there, and these are truths and must be acknowledged.”
Putin has demanded that Ukraine never join the alliance and cited Kyiv’s desire to do so as a sign of Western aggression toward Russia.
On Wednesday, British Prime Minister Boris Johnson said he agreed with Zelenskyy. There’s “no way Ukraine is going to join NATO anytime soon,” Johnson said during a visit to Abu Dhabi, in the United Arab Emirates.
Mykhailo Podolyak, an adviser to Zelenskyy who is part of negotiations, tweeted Wednesday that “our position at the negotiations is quite specific,” saying Ukraine needed “legally verified security guarantees; cease-fire; withdrawal of Russian troops.”
He also suggested that Russians were more likely to negotiate because of Ukrainian counteroffensives. In a “PBS NewsHour” interview, Podolyak said Russia was making “adjustments” to its demands because “they see the war is not going according to their plans.”
“They were planning to move in their troops, capture as much territory as possible in three days and basically have a blitzkrieg,” he said in the interview. “They did not do that and they will not do that. They are stuck fighting in their current positions. ... Therefore, we have much confidence that we will have a cease-fire in coming days.”
In Kyiv, residents said it felt like the danger was getting closer even though Russian troops haven’t made deep inroads into the city, and routes in and out of it remained open.
Maria Zhartovska, a 31-year-old local journalist who works for the news website Babel.ua, said she awoke “to the sounds of explosions” for the second day in a row. She lives near the Lukyanivska subway station, which is three miles from Zelenskyy’s office and was shut down after Russian shelling damaged it Tuesday.
“By morning, we heard the air-raid sirens five times,” Zhartovska said.
As afternoon came, a series of loud explosions rumbled through the city center, where the occasional car still drove on streets completely devoid of pedestrians.
The city’s curfew, imposed Tuesday evening because of what Mayor Vitali Klitschko described as a “dangerous moment” in the capital, is scheduled to end Thursday.
