Travellers who arrive in Britain from a "red list" country will have to quarantine in a hotel from Monday at a cost of £1,750.
Passengers face fines of up to £10,000 for failing to quarantine and those who lie on their passenger locator forms face up to 10 years in jail.
Health Secretary Matt Hancock told the Commons that 16 hotels have been contracted for the hotel quarantine programme which begins on Monday.
UK nationals or residents returning from 33 "red list" countries will be required to spend 10 days in a Government-designated hotel.
Passengers required to stay in a quarantine hotel will need to reserve a room online in advance and the booking system opens on Thursday.
He also confirmed the new "enhanced testing" regime for all international travellers, with two tests required during the quarantine process from Monday.
Mr Hancock told the Commons: "People who flout these rules are putting us all at risk.
"Passenger carriers will have a duty in law to make sure that passengers have signed up for these new arrangements before they travel, and will be fined if they don't, and we will be putting in place tough fines for people who don't comply.
"This includes a £1,000 penalty for any international arrival who fails to take a mandatory test, a £2,000 penalty for any international arrival who fails to take the second mandatory test, as well as automatically extending their quarantine period to 14 days, and a £5,000 fixed penalty notice - rising to £10,000 - for arrivals who fail to quarantine in a designated hotel."
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He added: "I make no apologies for the strength of these measures, because we're dealing with one of the strongest threats to our public health that we've faced as a nation."
The full list of red countries
- Angola
- Argentina
- Bolivia
- Botswana
- Brazil
- Burundi
- Cape Verde
- Chile
- Colombia
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Ecuador
- Eswatini
- French Guiana
- Guyana
- Lesotho
- Malawi
- Mauritius
- Mozambique
- Namibia
- Panama
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Portugal (including Madeira and the Azores)
- Rwanda
- Seychelles
- South Africa
- Suriname
- Tanzania
- United Arab Emirates (UAE)
- Uruguay
- Venezuela
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
