A study into the best and worst cities to drive in around the world has been revealed.
The annual 2019 Driving Cities Index has ranked the the most dangerous regions in the world for motorists, and those that are the safest.
The figures from Mister Auto UK took into account a series of factors to rate each city with a score before whittling down a shortlist of 100 cities worldwide.
Each location was analysed by the car accident fatality rate and incorporated research focusing on road rage incidents.
It also took into account the number of cars on the roads, air quality, congestion levels, motoring costs and the quality of local public transport.
The final result is a combination of 15 indicators to score each city and rank the best and worst cities to drive in across the globe.
In terms of UK cities, Birmingham was scored as the safest to drive in, due to low levels of congestion,high road quality and excellent petrol affordability.
London came 77th globally, with high levels of congestion, poor air quality and high fuel costs - although it did score highly for its public transport.
The overall safest city was Calgary in Canada, with a perfect score of 100 owing to its free-flowing traffic, high air quality and low motoring costs.
The most dangerous city in the world for motorists was revealed as Mumbai in India, with a score of just 1 out of 100 - with extremely high levels of congestion, poor air quality, high numbers of road rage incidents and high mortality rates.
How Manchester scores
Manchester was ranked number 44 out of the 100 shortlisted cities.
According to the study, the city has some of the poorest speed levels on the roads owing to heavy congestion and high number of road rage incidents experienced by locals.
However Manchester was ranked safest in the world when it comes to mortality rates, with 0.8 fatalities per 100,000 inhabitants.
How UK cities rank - from safest to most dangerous:
Number in brackets indicates global ranking
1. Birmingham (27)
2. Glasgow (30)
3. Liverpool (32)
4. Leeds (37)
5. Belfast (41)
6. Manchester (44)
7. Bristol (50)
8. Brighton (64)
9. Edinburgh (68)
10. London (77)
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