A teenage girl reportedly died after fasting for 10 weeks in an attempt to bring her family good luck.
Aradhana Samdariya carried out the fast after a priest told her parents she should do so to help her father recover business losses, according to The Times of India.
He family celebrated the end of her 68-day fast at their home in Hyderabad, where she had reportedly survived on boiled water.
But she was later rushed to hospital with dehydration. Doctors found she had suffered major damage to her intestines and kidneys and she died from cardiac arrest two days after completing the fast.
A police spokesperson told BBC Hindi a case had been registered against the parents after a child rights organisation filed a complaint.
"The parents - Laxmi Chand and Manshi Samdariya - have been booked under culpable homicide [causing death by negligence] and Juvenile Justice Act [cruelty against minors]," the spokesperson said.
Her father, Mr Samdariya, insisted Aradhana's fasting was voluntary as prescribed in Jainism, one of the world's most ancient religions and a minority religious group in India.
"She asked permission for upvaas [fast that involves renouncing food]," he said.
"We asked her to stop after 51 days but she would not give up. Her fast was voluntary. No one forced her."
Police in southern Hyderabad city told BBC Hindi they want to know if was forced to fast.
The case has sparked a debate about the practice of religious fasting in India.
Maharasa Ravinder Muniji, a Jain monk in Hyderabad, defended the practice.
"Pregnant women or those who are unwell should not fast," he told the First Post.
"But there is no bar on children fasting. But how much they should fast ought to depend on their own individual capacity."
