Embrace Equity, serves as a poignant reminder of the need to acknowledge and foster the vast potential of women in sports and beyond. Amidst the triumphs, however, lies a critical issue that demands our attention: cardiac arrest in women athletes, a rare but grave reality.
Deciphering the causes of cardiac arrest in women athletes
Cardiac arrest in female athletes, while uncommon, underscores a significant health consideration that warrants a nuanced understanding, especially given its potential fatal outcomes. The causes, diverse and complex, include but are not limited to:
Primary electrical disease
This is the most frequent cause of cardiac arrest in young athletes, this condition is characterized by the heart's failure to maintain a proper rhythm despite no structural abnormalities. Its origins remain largely elusive, pointing to the need for in-depth research.
Heritable cardiomyopathies
These are genetic factors that play a substantial role and affect the heart muscle, making it thicker, weaker and stiffer. The most common types of cardiomyopathies that can lead to cardiac arrest in female athletes are Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and Arrythmogenic. These conditions can obstruct blood flow during deep excretion and disrupt the heart rhythm and lead to sudden cardiac arrest in young athletes.
Anomalous coronary arteries
In rare cases, some athletes have congenitally abnormal coronary arteries, risking significant blood flow disruption and potential cardiac arrest.
Myocarditis:
This inflammation of the heart muscle, often caused by a viral infection. While usually a temporary condition, myocarditis can weaken the heart muscle and lead to abnormal heart rhythms and sudden cardiac death.
Other Considerations: Rare disorders like Long QT Syndrome and Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT), along with Commotio Cordis, a condition caused by a chest blow, round out the list of potential causes.
Risk factors and precautions
Understanding the causes is just the first step. Recognizing the risk factors and prevention methods can help mitigate the risk:
Family history of heart disease,
Personal history of fainting
Unusual shortness of breath,
Undergoing regular health screenings
Comprehensive cardiac evaluations
Advocating emergency action plans in sporting events
Empowering our athletes
By increasing awareness, encouraging regular health check-ups, and fostering an environment that prioritizes safety as much as performance, we can ensure that our athletes not only excel in their sports but also lead healthy, fulfilling lives. Together, let's champion the cause of equity, both in opportunity and in health, for every woman who steps onto the field.
(Article Courtesy: Dr. Lakshmi Navya Cheekatla , Assistat Consultant – Cardiology, Manipal Hospitals Vijayawada)
