Lungs are vital organs essential for sustaining life. Their primary function involves oxygenating blood and expelling carbon dioxide through the intricate process of respiration. The exchange of gases in the lungs fuels the entire body, supporting energy production and metabolic functions. Beyond respiration, lungs play a critical role in immune defense by filtering out harmful particles. Proper lung health is fundamental for maintaining overall well-being, and any compromise in their function can lead to respiratory issues and systemic complications.
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Climate change and global warming can cause health problems even in healthy people. After a scorching summer, we tend to welcome the rains and with the onset of winter, it can bring forth a multitude of respiratory problems. The main cause of respiratory issues during the rains is high humidity combined with higher levels of pollution as suspended particles tend to stay in the air longer. Dampness causes an increase in fungal spores in the air. During winter the cold winds cause the drying of respiratory mucus and bronchospasm. There is an increase in viral and bacterial infections due to indoor crowding. Lowering of body temperature in winter weakens the immune system.
Tips to keep lung health
Stop smoking of all forms of tobacco and also avoid second-hand smoke. Exercise regularly, learn deep breathing exercises, meditate, and avoid stress.Maintain a healthy balanced diet, stay hydrated, and keep warm.Get annual check-ups.Avoid outdoor air pollution exposure. Check the air quality index before setting out.Improve indoor air quality, close windows to prevent cold drafts and use HEPA filters and air purifiers if required.Avoid crowding and use masks in public places, use hand sanitizers, and avoid touching nose and mouth especially if in close contact with infected people.Prophylactic vaccination against influenza, and pneumonia especially in vulnerable populations.Using preventive inhalers and medications as advised by doctors. Early recognition of symptoms and seeking medical help as and when required. (Author: Dr. Padma Sundaram, MD, DNB, Consultant Pulmonologist, Fortis Hospital, Richmond Road, Bengaluru)
