Seasonal allergies in infants can be a concern for parents, particularly when they appear in infants. While allergies usually occur later in young adulthood, infants can still have allergic reactions. Seasonal allergies in infants may occur at any time of year, depending on the allergen triggers in the environment. However, they may be more visible during certain seasons when specific allergens are common. Pollen allergies, for example, are more common in the spring and summer, whereas indoor allergens such as dust mites or mold can exacerbate symptoms throughout the year.
Seasonal allergies may progress to other forms of allergic disorders as the kids grow. They can develop Allergic Dermatitis, and can progress to Allergic cough ( Asthma) - this progression of allergic disease is called Allergic March.
Infants cannot express their discomfort verbally, making it difficult to identify seasonal allergies. However, parents can look for the following symptoms:
Symptoms
1. Runny or stuffy nose: Infants may experience persistent nasal congestion or a runny nose, which frequently gets worse by sneezing.
2. Watery, itchy eyes: Eye irritation, redness, and excessive tearing may indicate an allergic reaction.
3. Skin rash: Some infants can develop eczema or hives, which are red, itchy patches on their skin.
4. Coughing or wheezing: Allergic reactions can affect the respiratory system, causing infants to cough or wheeze.
Treatment
1. Allergen avoidance: Identifying and limiting exposure to allergens can help alleviate symptoms. Keeping windows closed during high pollen seasons, using air purifiers, and regularly cleaning bedding and stuffed toys can help reduce dust mites.
2. Saline nasal drops: They can relieve nasal congestion and clear nasal passages in infants.
3. Humidifier: Placing a humidifier in the baby's room can help moisten the air and reduce nasal irritation.
4. Topical creams: Doctors may prescribe topical corticosteroid creams to infants with allergy-related skin rashes or eczema to reduce inflammation and itching.
Seasonal allergies can cause infants to be uncomfortable and distressed. Recognizing the symptoms and implementing appropriate management strategies might help parents reduce their child's discomfort and improve their quality of life. Consultation with the child's doctor is required for accurate diagnosis and treatment guidance tailored to the infant's specific needs. With the right care and attention, parents can help their infants overcome seasonal allergies and ensure their health.
(Author: Dr. Chandra Sekhar Singha, Senior Consultant, PICU, Madhukar Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Delhi)
