The education ministry made it mandatory for applicants seeking the nation's largest research grant be required to declare if they have received any foreign research funds, with China's Thousand Talents Plan of recruiting overseas researchers in mind, The Yomiuri Shimbun has learned.
The obligation to declare overseas funding aims to increase the transparency of research and to better understand the overseas activities of researchers.
The measure took effect for funding from fiscal 2021 for the grant known as kakenhi (grants-in-aid for scientific research). Main applications for fiscal 2021 have closed and the review process has already begun.
Fearing a technology drain, the government is planning to establish guidelines by the end of this year to require researchers who receive public subsidies to disclose in principle their activities overseas, including the receipt of any foreign funds. Taking the initiative, the Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Ministry has adopted this measure for kakenhi.
Kakenhi is a subsidy that supports a wide range of academic research in Japan and is available to researchers, excluding students, affiliated with universities and research institutions in Japan. In fiscal 2020, out of 104,158 applications, 28,569, or 27.4%, were accepted, and about 220 billion yen was allocated, including the portion granted for ongoing projects.
According to the education ministry, in order to avoid the concentration of funds on specific researchers, the ministry used to require kakenhi applicants to declare their receipt of other public subsidies within Japan at the time of application, but there was no such system in place to monitor foreign funding.
However, countries around the world are worrying about the outflow of advanced technology that could be used for military purposes and are strengthening their management of such technology.
The Japanese government's Integrated Innovation Strategy 2020, which was approved by the Cabinet in July last year, pointed out the need to increase the transparency of research in order to prevent information being leaked.
Under the circumstances, the education ministry made it mandatory for researchers to declare the nature and amount of foreign funds they either are receiving or plan to receive, as well as the research period for kakenhi applications. However, it does not mean these applications will be automatically rejected if researchers are receiving foreign funding.
The Yomiuri Shimbun recently reported that at least 44 Japanese researchers have been involved in China's Thousand Talents Plan, with 13 of them having received more than 100 million yen each in kakenhi, including for joint research, over the past 10 years. Some of them were found to belong to Chinese universities with close ties to China's military.
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