People who are addicted to drugs or other substances are more likely to contract COVID-19 and to be hospitalized or die from it, according to a National Institutes of Health study.
People with a substance use disorder made up 10.3% of those studied in the NIH-funded project but accounted for 15.6% of the COVID-19 cases, according to the study. Those with a recent opioid use disorder diagnosis were most likely to develop COVID-19, followed by people with tobacco use disorder.
In terms of complications, the hospitalization rate for people with substance use disorder was 41%, compared to about 30% for those without it. The death rate was 9.6% for people with substance abuse disorder and 6.6% for those without.
Why the disparity?
"The lungs and cardiovascular system are often compromised in people with (substance use disorder), which may partially explain their heightened susceptibility to COVID-19," Dr. Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, said in a prepared statement.
"Another contributing factor is the marginalization of people with addiction, which makes it harder for them to access health care services," she said.
Meanwhile, African Americans with a recent opioid use disorder diagnosis were over four times more likely to develop COVID-19, compared to whites. According to the study, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and renal disease — all risk factors for COVID-19 — were more prevalent among African Americans than white people with an opioid addiction.
