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Daily Mirror
Daily Mirror
National
Tom Campbell & Laura Sharman

New nasal spray which could protect against ALL Covid variants on trial run

A new nasal spray is set to start human trials and could protect people from all Covid variants.

The groundbreaking treatment could hit the shelves if clinical trials prove successful, with hopes of offering a more simple solution to beating coronavirus.

There is also a high chance the treatment could be self-administered with a one-time nasal spray.

This means it could be made available in pharmacies as a preventative measure to treat infections, according to researchers.

Scientists said the spray contains "potent" proteins which target the virus's weak spots and prevent it from infecting the body.

These virus hunting proteins could offer an alternative to vaccines which have proven difficult to develop and must be administered by health workers.

It comes after promising tests on mice showed that the nasal spray reduced Covid symptoms and prevented infections.

The treatment reduced Covid symptoms and prevented infections in mice (stock image) (Getty Images/iStockphoto)

Some treatments including vaccines have become less effective at combating Covid as the virus has continued to evolve.

Several antibody treatments were halted last month in the United States after they failed to protect people against the BA.2 omicron sub variant.

The treatments are expensive to develop and require complex refrigerated supply chains.

But now American scientists have come up with a simpler solution to combat the virus which has killed 6,214,160 people worldwide to date.

The new treatment is being advanced to human clinical trials to treat Covid after promising results in rodents.

The spray contains "potent" proteins which target the virus's weak spots, according to scientists (stock image) (Getty Images/iStockphoto)

Researchers used a supercomputer to design proteins which target "vulnerable sites" on the surface of Covid.

The proteins, dubbed minibinders, were reengineered to make them even more potent against the virus' spike protein.

They targeted the virus' infectious machinery' in three places rather than one, making the drug far less likely to detach than other treatments.

Professor Michael Jewett, of the University of Washington School of Medicine, explained that SARS-CoV-2's spike protein has three binding domains, and common antibody therapies may only block one.

He said: "Our minibinders sit on top of the spike protein like a tripod and block all three. The interaction between the spike protein and our antiviral is among the tightest interactions known in biology.

"When we put the spike protein and our antiviral therapeutic in a test tube together for a week, they stayed connected and never fell apart."

The proteins prevented Covid from binding to what's known as the ACE2 receptor, the entry point for infecting the body.

Some treatments including vaccines have become less effective at fighting Covid as the virus evolves (stock image) (AFP via Getty Images)

Covid cannot infect the body without binding to the receptor, which suggests the treatment will work against new variants.

Professor Jewett added: "To enter the body, the spike protein and ACE2 receptor engage in a handshake.
"Our antiviral blocks this handshake and, as a bonus, has resistance to viral escape."

The medicine can be produced on a large scale in microorganisms like E. coli, making them far more cost-effective to manufacture and are stable in high heat.

The findings were published in the journal Science Translational Medicine.

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