He said yesterday that a "massive failure of intelligence" appeared to have led to the deaths near the village of Niazi Qala, 60 miles south of Kabul, last weekend.
His call came on the day that the UN said it had unconfirmed but reliable reports that 52 civilians were killed in the incident. It said there was no evidence that Taliban or al-Qaida fighters were in the village when it was hit.
US defence officials said the bombs were aimed at a weapons store used by Taliban and al-Qaida supporters.
A BBC reporter who visited the site said that although two arms dumps had been destroyed, there was other debris which appeared to have come from houses.
Bloodstained clothing, children's shoes and school books lay among the debris, Richard Myron said. He said residents put the number of civilian dead at up to 120.
The Afghan Islamic Press news agency in Pakistan said at least 92 people had died.
"It appears to be a massive failure of intelligence and an inquiry is demanded," Mr Anderson said.
"The US always pride themselves on seeking to defend their own military. I think their allies should demand they have the same stringent tests to protect civilians."
