Spain manager Roberto Moreno confirmed David de Gea suffered a muscle abductor injury during La Roja's 1-1 draw with Sweden on Tuesday night.
The Manchester United goalkeeper received medical attention after sustaining the problem in the first half of the European Championship qualifier.
De Gea played on into the second half but was eventually replaced by Chelsea stopper Kepa Arrizabalaga on the hour mark.
United will now assess De Gea ahead of Sunday's game against Liverpool, with Sergio Romero ready to step in if the 28-year-old does not prove his fitness.
“He (De Gea) had pain in the abductor muscle but he received treatment at half-time and wanted to keep playing," Moreno said. "He gave us his word, but in the end he couldn’t continue.”
United have several injury concerns ahead of the visit of Liverpool after eight players missed the game against Newcastle prior to the international break.
Paul Pogba, Anthony Martial, Aaron Wan-Bissaka, Luke Shaw, Victor Lindelof, Jesse Lingard, Phil Jones and Eric Bailly were all sidelined for the dismal loss at St James' Park.
Diogo Dalot started on Tyneside but limped off in the second half and Mason Greenwood withdrew from the England Under-21 squad for their game against Austria the following day.
Wan-Bissaka is expected to be available against Liverpool after a bout of tonsillitis, while Lindelof has recovered from the back problem that kept him out against Newcastle.
