Liberton Primary School has suffered "significant damage" to a large part of the building, after a major blaze broke out on Wednesday afternoon.
The city council have confirmed the school will shut until at least February 17 as the damage is assessed.
A fire broke out in a classroom around 3.30pm, before spreading to the roof of the building.
The school will be closed on Thursday and Friday - next week will be the February half term break.
No injuries have been reported as a result of the incident. Classes had finished at the time but some pupils were in after-school clubs.
Edinburgh city council has said it will keep parents informed of the contingency plans.
Education Convener Cllr Ian Perry said: "The decision to close the school has not been taken lightly however unfortunately this has been a major fire which has caused significant damage to a large part of the school.
"There have been no reported injuries and I want to thank the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service and Council teams for their swift response.
"We’ll update parents next week regarding contingency arrangements.
"We will work closely with the fire service to determine the cause of the fire."
Local MP Ian Murray has said there are concerns about the future of the school.
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