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The Guardian - UK

World

Simon Rogers

International women's day: the pay gap between men and women for your job

On the eve of International Women's day and 41 years after the Equal Pay act came into force, many women still earn a lot less than men performing the same jobs.

The data comes from the huge Office for National Statistics annual survey of hours and earnings - ASHE, which examines 1% of HM Revenue & Customs pay as you earn (PAYE) records and is the bible of what we earn and who we are. The figures are broken down by gender, age, geographic location and type of job.

The data shows that the median annual salary for all full-time employees in 2010 was £25,900, which is up 0.3% on the year before. But men earn vastly more than women: £28,091, compared to £22,490 - a difference of 19.9%.

Even overtime has an effect - 24.1% of men working full-time take home overtime pay, compared to only 12% of women in the same position.

But even if you remove that impact, plus the effect of women earning maternity pay and the fact that more women work part-time than men, the difference is still striking: men earned 10.2% more in hourly full-time pay last year, £13.01 compared to £11.68.

The pay gap has narrowed considerably in the past decade, declining from 16.3% (excluding overtime) in 2000 to 10.2% last year

The ONS recommends looking at median salaries because they are not affected by the relatively few very high earners - unlike the 'average' or 'mean' salary, which would be changed by one or two people earning over £1m, for instance. If you do use the average figure, the pay gap rises to 15.5%.

(Yes, I do know that the median is an average too, but most people refer to the mean when they use the word).

Our analysis shows the hundreds of jobs where men still earn substantially more than women. Using the ONS' job classification data, where each occupation is given a special 4-digit code number, the data shows there are around 170 jobs classified where men earn over 10% more than their female counterparts, and another 200 where men earn between 1 and 10% more than women. There are only three where the hourly pay is the same.

Impure pay gap screengrab — Explore the data with this graphic from Bestiaro

The biggest gap is, perhaps unsurprisingly, in metal manufacturing, where men earn nearly 50% more than women. But male financial services brokers also earn double women's hourly pay of £16.55. Male directors of large companies and organisations are paid over 21% more than women directors. In only a few areas are women paid more than men.

If overtime and extra pay are added into the equation - and the amount women lose from going on maternity leave is taken into account - the gap increases substantially. Many full-time annual salaries show substantial differences between men and women. Male health professionals, which includes doctors, administrators and other senior health workers, earn £82,674 a year, double female workers doing the same jobs full-time on £44,232. Male printers take home 47.5% more than female printers each year and even male hairdressers earn 17% more than females, with an annual full-time salary of £15,227.

This data is very political and pretty complex - the Fawcett Society have done a pretty good breakdown too.

We've included a full set for you to download - what can you do with it?

Data summary

Pay gaps by job
Code	Description	Male, full- time	Female full- time	% diff, men to women - annual pay	Male hourly pay, £ (exc o/t)	Female hourly pay, £ (exc o/t)	% diff, men to women - hourly pay
	All employees	28,091	22,490	19.9	13.01	11.68	10.22
1111	Senior officials in national government	66485			35.8
1112	Directors and chief executives of major organisations	102123	71083	30.4	49.7	38.95	21.63
1113	Senior officials in local government				27.63	24.41	11.65
1114	Senior officials of special interest organisations	37273	33878	9.1	19.87	17.89	9.96
1121	Production, works and maintenance managers	41688	33192	20.4	20.02	17.67	11.74
1122	Managers in construction	42138	34565	18.0	19.17	16.57	13.56
1123	Managers in mining and energy	53867	49034	9.0	23.37
1131	Financial managers and chartered secretaries	65000	42940	33.9	31.73	22.6	28.77
1132	Marketing and sales managers	48957	37553	23.3	23.4	19.5	16.67
1133	Purchasing managers	43207	37972	12.1	21.94	20.75	5.42
1134	Advertising and public relations managers	46120	36171	21.6	22.32	20.02	10.30
1135	Personnel, training and industrial relations managers	45831	40157	12.4	23.32	20.55	11.88
1136	Information and communication technology managers	47497	39313	17.2	23.99	20.48	14.63
1137	Research and development managers	48737	42656	12.5	24.96	21.24	14.90
1141	Quality assurance managers	37193	36908	0.8	18.93	19.1	-0.90
1142	Customer care managers	38080	28417	25.4	19.03	15.49	18.60
1151	Financial institution managers	44230	36910	16.5	23.19	18.8	18.93
1152	Office managers	37405	27695	26.0	19.11	14.22	25.59
1161	Transport and distribution managers	34683			16.56	16.35	1.27
1162	Storage and warehouse managers	28692	26721	6.9	13.3	11.9	10.53
1163	Retail and wholesale managers	26726	19729	26.2	12.46	9.49	23.84
1171	Officers in armed forces	0	0
1172	Police officers (inspectors and above)	55260	53449	3.3	26.44	26.06	1.44
1173	Senior officers in fire, ambulance, prison and related services	40198	41369	-2.9	18.44	18.73	-1.57
1174	Security managers	35369	30777	13.0	17.36	16.52	4.84
1181	Hospital and health service managers	44649	42294	5.3	23.81	21.8	8.44
1182	Pharmacy managers	48219	29568	38.7	21.13	16.5	21.91
1183	Healthcare practice managers	35656	26013	27.0	18.42	14.17	23.07
1184	Social services managers	41411	36126	12.8	22.18	19.03	14.20
1185	Residential and day care managers	32071	28968	9.7	15.73	14.89	5.34
1211	Farm managers	27665			12.62	11.72	7.13
1212	Natural environment and conservation managers	34937	32055	8.2	18.69	16.54	11.50
1219	Managers in animal husbandry, forestry and fishing n.e.c.	26250	25590	2.5		13.91
1221	Hotel and accommodation managers	26548	24171	9.0	10.54	11.49	-9.01
1222	Conference and exhibition managers	27083	28583	-5.5	14.1	13.44	4.68
1223	Restaurant and catering managers	22105	19081	13.7	9.86	9.11	7.61
1224	Publicans and managers of licensed premises	20796	20267	2.5	8.92	9.01	-1.01
1225	Leisure and sports managers	26498			12.37	11.22	9.30
1226	Travel agency managers
1231	Property, housing and land managers	37318	31052	16.8	19.11	16.12	15.65
1232	Garage managers and proprietors	28713			12.62	15.66	-24.09
1233	Hairdressing and beauty salon managers and proprietors
1234	Shopkeepers and wholesale/retail dealers	31554			14.21
1235	Recycling and refuse disposal managers	35326	27106	23.3	15.33	14.14	7.76
1239	Managers and proprietors in other services n.e.c.	38172	27940	26.8	18.4	13.7	25.54
2111	Chemists	32747			16.35	15.69	4.04
2112	Biological scientists and biochemists	38274	32650	14.7	19.14	17.45	8.83
2113	Physicists, geologists and meteorologists		29610		23.04	14.63	36.50
2121	Civil engineers	36245	32000	11.7	17.02	15.91	6.52
2122	Mechanical engineers	40038			19.62	15.55	20.74
2123	Electrical engineers	44773			20.65	16.11	21.99
2124	Electronics engineers	45086	0		21.25
2125	Chemical engineers		0
2126	Design and development engineers	35001	28705	18.0	17.41	15.35	11.83
2127	Production and process engineers	34820			16.28	14.38	11.67
2128	Planning and quality control engineers	31464	27015	14.1	15.97	15.54	2.69
2129	Engineering professionals n.e.c.	37577	30055	20.0	17.93	15.8	11.88
2131	IT strategy and planning professionals	47784	45521	4.7	23.71	22.59	4.72
2132	Software professionals	37235	33262	10.7	18.78	16.82	10.44
2211	Medical practitioners	95434	56176	41.1	35.45	25.35	28.49
2212	Psychologists	48828	37789	22.6	22.49	18.78	16.50
2213	Pharmacists/pharmacologists	44498	37439	15.9	21.47	19.09	11.09
2214	Ophthalmic opticians	47399	35962	24.1	25.25	19.58	22.46
2215	Dental practitioners
2216	Veterinarians		33670			14.91
2311	Higher education teaching professionals	46746	43767	6.4	24.81	23.29	6.13
2312	Further education teaching professionals	34587	31995	7.5	18.49	17.7	4.27
2313	Education officers, school inspectors		36509		23.21	19.47	16.11
2314	Secondary education teaching professionals	38707	35146	9.2	22.94	21.36	6.89
2315	Primary and nursery education teaching professionals	36799	34325	6.7	21.87	20.52	6.17
2316	Special needs education teaching professionals	39821	34564	13.2	22.93	20.74	9.55
2317	Registrars and senior administrators of educational establishments	36540	31818	12.9	19.06	16.99	10.86
2319	Teaching professionals n.e.c.	27636	24984	9.6	15.79	14.37	8.99
2321	Scientific researchers	35363	31763	10.2	17.96	16.46	8.35
2322	Social science researchers	22722	25448	-12.0	11.54	13.31	-15.34
2329	Researchers n.e.c.	32475	29200	10.1	16.82	15.72	6.54
2411	Solicitors and lawyers, judges and coroners	56518	42392	25.0	28.45	21.75	23.55
2419	Legal professionals n.e.c.	37248	33898	9.0	19.7	17.24	12.49
2421	Chartered and certified accountants	41953	32196	23.3	21.71	17.01	21.65
2422	Management accountants	40120	31557	21.3	20.76	17.97	13.44
2423	Management consultants, actuaries, economists and statisticians	42309	34861	17.6	22.12	18.57	16.05
2431	Architects		33000		19.53	17.02	12.85
2432	Town planners	37434	30097	19.6	19.22	15.95	17.01
2433	Quantity surveyors	38535	26493	31.2	18.82
2434	Chartered surveyors (not quantity surveyors)	36274	28504	21.4	18.56	17.27	6.95
2441	Public service administrative professionals	49229	46599	5.3	24.09	23.56	2.20
2442	Social workers	31756	31296	1.4	16.55	16.78	-1.39
2443	Probation officers	29246			15.31	15.54	-1.50
2444	Clergy	22253			11.5	9.52	17.22
2451	Librarians	28385	25136	11.4	16.16	13.2	18.32
2452	Archivists and curators		26956			13.81
3111	Laboratory technicians	24307	19099	21.4	12.02	9.78	18.64
3112	Electrical/electronics technicians	29483	0		14.57
3113	Engineering technicians	32079	27892	13.1	15.19	14.22	6.39
3114	Building and civil engineering technicians	26348	23774	9.8	13.29	10.55	20.62
3115	Quality assurance technicians	27491	22394	18.5	13.32	12.06	9.46
3119	Science and engineering technicians n.e.c.	24307	20831	14.3	11.61	10.62	8.53
3121	Architectural technologists and town planning technicians	28492	25204	11.5	14	12.48	10.86
3122	Draughtspersons	27326	24230	11.3	13.09	11.99	8.40
3123	Building inspectors	28736			15.11
3131	IT operations technicians	31331	27302	12.9	15.31	14.37	6.14
3132	IT user support technicians	26166	24932	4.7	13.29	12.78	3.84
3211	Nurses	31789	29573	7.0	16.41	15.64	4.69
3212	Midwives	0	34839			18.42
3213	Paramedics	37525	34441	8.2	17.6	16.59	5.74
3214	Medical radiographers	35968	36097	-0.4	18.34	18.63	-1.58
3215	Chiropodists	33464	31033	7.3	17.25	16.79	2.67
3216	Dispensing opticians		21243			10.89
3217	Pharmaceutical dispensers	21392	16188	24.3	10.2	8.57	15.98
3218	Medical and dental technicians	30362	23934	21.2	14.43	12.5	13.37
3221	Physiotherapists	29691	29088	2.0	15.59	15.59	0.00
3222	Occupational therapists	26342	28496	-8.2	14.52	16.14	-11.16
3223	Speech and language therapists	0	31057			16.74
3229	Therapists n.e.c.	26210	28673	-9.4	14.13	16.62	-17.62
3231	Youth and community workers	24220	23079	4.7	12.81	12.28	4.14
3232	Housing and welfare officers	24984	23890	4.4	13.03	12.45	4.45
3311	NCOs and other ranks	0	0
3312	Police officers (sergeant and below)	40020	34729	13.2	18.05	16.28	9.81
3313	Fire service officers (leading fire officer and below)	30766	29564	3.9	13.68	13.62	0.44
3314	Prison service officers (below principal officer)	27889	22399	19.7	14.22	10.88	23.49
3319	Protective service associate professionals n.e.c.	32741	32750	-0.0	14.39	14.93	-3.75
3411	Artists	32788			16.27	12.63	22.37
3412	Authors, writers	29475	26902	8.7	15.12	13.84	8.47
3413	Actors, entertainers		0
3414	Dancers and choreographers	0	34854			15.66
3415	Musicians	32796			17.24	12.17	29.41
3416	Arts officers, producers and directors	34892	30399	12.9	17.31	15.92	8.03
3421	Graphic designers	24921	22036	11.6	12.45	11.32	9.08
3422	Product, clothing and related designers	30285	25706	15.1	14.18	12.59	11.21
3431	Journalists, newspaper and periodical editors	30683	28232	8.0	15.6	15.71	-0.71
3432	Broadcasting associate professionals	38486	41448	-7.7	20.51	21.73	-5.95
3433	Public relations officers	27385	26568	3.0	14.4	13.69	4.93
3434	Photographers and audio-visual equipment operators	25751	18379	28.6	12.54	9.72	22.49
3441	Sports players		0
3442	Sports coaches, instructors and officials	23270	24763	-6.4	12.21	13.17	-7.86
3443	Fitness instructors	15957	16046	-0.6	8.06	7.8	3.23
3449	Sports and fitness occupations n.e.c.		15084			5.93
3511	Air traffic controllers	59626			29.27
3512	Aircraft pilots and flight engineers	68848	0		37.73
3513	Ship and hovercraft officers		0
3514	Train drivers	41313	39283	4.9	21.71	20.89	3.78
3520	Legal associate professionals	25836	23316	9.8	12.66	12.74	-0.63
3531	Estimators, valuers and assessors	28930	24040	16.9	14.79	13.08	11.56
3532	Brokers	62935			28.75	16.55	42.43
3533	Insurance underwriters	35580	26803	24.7	18.4	14.99	18.53
3534	Finance and investment analysts/advisers	38755	30860	20.4	19.77	16.21	18.01
3535	Taxation experts	36462	27625	24.2	17.02	15.78	7.29
3536	Importers, exporters		18649		10.92	9.64	11.72
3537	Financial and accounting technicians	40865	29432	28.0	19.83	15.45	22.09
3539	Business and related associate professionals n.e.c.	30249	26372	12.8	14.94	13.76	7.90
3541	Buyers and purchasing officers	31712	24412	23.0	15.8	13.17	16.65
3542	Sales representatives	30600	22594	26.2	14.08	11.08	21.31
3543	Marketing associate professionals	30483	25547	16.2	15.01	13.54	9.79
3544	Estate agents, auctioneers				11.56
3551	Conservation and environmental protection officers	29119	26131	10.3	15.18	14.36	5.40
3552	Countryside and park rangers	21738			11.15	10.85	2.69
3561	Public service associate professionals	32954	28022	15.0	16.73	13.99	16.38
3562	Personnel and industrial relations officers	26260	23975	8.7	12.92	12.27	5.03
3563	Vocational and industrial trainers and instructors	25712	23705	7.8	13.16	12.02	8.66
3564	Careers advisers and vocational guidance specialists	26031	26853	-3.2	13.25	13.98	-5.51
3565	Inspectors of factories, utilities and trading standards	33406			16.98	15.12	10.95
3566	Statutory examiners	27372	24772	9.5	13.07	13.34	-2.07
3567	Occupational hygienists and safety officers (health and safety)	33956	27156	20.0	17.36	14.29	17.68
3568	Environmental health officers	30205	31843	-5.4	15.54	16.82	-8.24
4111	Civil Service executive officers	25894	25327	2.2	13.12	12.65	3.58
4112	Civil Service administrative officers and assistants	19146	18569	3.0	9.75	9.42	3.38
4113	Local government clerical officers and assistants	24322	20892	14.1	12.56	11.15	11.23
4114	Officers of non-governmental organisations		22253		16.2	11.74	27.53
4121	Credit controllers	22413	19550	12.8	11.22	10.03	10.61
4122	Accounts and wages clerks, book-keepers, other financial clerks	24154	19948	17.4	12.2	10.55	13.52
4123	Counter clerks	22340	19964	10.6	11.26	10.46	7.10
4131	Filing and other records assistants/clerks	22178	18983	14.4	10.82	9.84	9.06
4132	Pensions and insurance clerks	22332	19155	14.2	11.16	10.14	9.14
4133	Stock control clerks	21157	17783	15.9	10	8.9	11.00
4134	Transport and distribution clerks	24464	19902	18.6	10.75	10.47	2.60
4135	Library assistants/clerks	16477	17892	-8.6	8.49	9.77	-15.08
4136	Database assistants/clerks	19716	16432	16.7	9.49	8.7	8.32
4137	Market research interviewers				9.82	7.7	21.59
4141	Telephonists	20007	17014	15.0	8.87	8.56	3.49
4142	Communication operators	28077	24983	11.0	13.85	12.58	9.17
4150	General office assistants/clerks	20003	18187	9.1	9.85	9.46	3.96
4211	Medical secretaries	17942	19434	-8.3	9.52	10.64	-11.76
4212	Legal secretaries	0	18982			10.08
4213	School secretaries		17946			9.72
4214	Company secretaries		27280		9.75	13.83	-41.85
4215	Personal assistants and other secretaries	23820	23027	3.3	11.29	11.97	-6.02
4216	Receptionists	16546	15679	5.2	8	8.2	-2.50
4217	Typists	0	16982			9.13
5111	Farmers	23804			9.82
5112	Horticultural trades		15762		7.63	7.12	6.68
5113	Gardeners and groundsmen/groundswomen	18246	18012	1.3	8.79	8.64	1.71
5119	Agricultural and fishing trades n.e.c.	19576	14595	25.4	9.11	7.01	23.05
5211	Smiths and forge workers	27329	0		11.4
5212	Moulders, core makers, die casters		0		9.89
5213	Sheet metal workers	24208	0		10.5
5214	Metal plate workers, shipwrights, riveters	25563	0		10.93
5215	Welding trades	23297	0		10.29	9.39	8.75
5216	Pipe fitters	32079	0		12.94
5221	Metal machining setters and setter-operators	24260	14248	41.3	11.02	8.03	27.13
5222	Tool makers, tool fitters and markers-out	24937	0		11.53
5223	Metal working production and maintenance fitters	27698			12.5	10.17	18.64
5224	Precision instrument makers and repairers	26558			12.28	10.78	12.21
5231	Motor mechanics, auto engineers	23862			10.73	10.08	6.06
5232	Vehicle body builders and repairers	22234	0		10
5233	Auto electricians	24025	0		10.26
5234	Vehicle spray painters	21689	0		9.98
5241	Electricians, electrical fitters	29565			13.24	11.73	11.40
5242	Telecommunications engineers	26902			12.84	11.99	6.62
5243	Lines repairers and cable jointers	32910	0		14.48
5244	TV, video and audio engineers	22419	0		10
5245	Computer engineers, installation and maintenance	25065	23098	7.8	13.09	12.21	6.72
5249	Electrical/electronics engineers n.e.c.	26383	23136	12.3	12.04	12.05	-0.08
5311	Steel erectors	22911	0		9.93
5312	Bricklayers, masons	23200	0		11.07
5313	Roofers, roof tilers and slaters	21665	0		10.39
5314	Plumbers, heating and ventilating engineers	27730			13.08
5315	Carpenters and joiners	23420	12970	44.6	10.92	8.28	24.18
5316	Glaziers, window fabricators and fitters	20061	0		8.88
5319	Construction trades n.e.c.	24292	21745	10.5	11.17	10.51	5.91
5321	Plasterers	21717	0		10.76
5322	Floorers and wall tilers	21679	0		10.04
5323	Painters and decorators	22353			10.43	8.22	21.19
5411	Weavers and knitters	16469	0		7.51
5412	Upholsterers	21225			9.99	9.99	0.00
5413	Leather and related trades		15418			7.83
5414	Tailors and dressmakers	0	19142			9.11
5419	Textiles, garments and related trades n.e.c.		13486		9.74	6.99	28.23
5421	Originators, compositors and print preparers	20252	16309	19.5	10.25	8.15	20.49
5422	Printers	28291	14812	47.6	12.73
5423	Bookbinders and print finishers	21522	14752	31.5	10.01	7.2	28.07
5424	Screen printers	15724	0		7.63
5431	Butchers, meat cutters	17550	14852	15.4	7.76	6.97	10.18
5432	Bakers, flour confectioners	16798	13722	18.3	8.01	7.38	7.87
5433	Fishmongers, poultry dressers		11989		6.52	6.38	2.15
5434	Chefs, cooks	17806	15335	13.9	7.7	7.61	1.17
5491	Glass and ceramics makers, decorators and finishers	20343	15737	22.6	8.91	7.69	13.69
5492	Furniture makers, other craft woodworkers	19508			9.01
5493	Pattern makers (moulds)	29789	0		13.32
5494	Musical instrument makers and tuners		0
5495	Goldsmiths, silversmiths, precious stone workers	22067	0		9.78
5496	Floral arrangers, florists	0	13592			6.74
5499	Hand craft occupations n.e.c.	19008			9.27
6111	Nursing auxiliaries and assistants	19439	17941	7.7	9.75	9.43	3.28
6112	Ambulance staff (excluding paramedics)	23932	19693	17.7	10.91	10.19	6.60
6113	Dental nurses	15584	16255	-4.3	7.52	8.52	-13.30
6114	Houseparents and residential wardens	20258	20121	0.7	10.38	10.24	1.35
6115	Care assistants and home carers	17377	16187	6.8	8.28	7.97	3.74
6121	Nursery nurses	12692	14767	-16.3	8.04	7.52	6.47
6122	Childminders and related occupations	0	15196			7.9
6123	Playgroup leaders/assistants	16497	13804	16.3	8.61	7.52	12.66
6124	Educational assistants	15736	15506	1.5	8.76	8.76	0.00
6131	Veterinary nurses and assistants	21302	17589	17.4	7.91	8.48	-7.21
6139	Animal care occupations n.e.c.	18992	15656	17.6	8.43	7.2	14.59
6211	Sports and leisure assistants	17083	15599	8.7	8.02	7.78	2.99
6212	Travel agents	21138	17389	17.7	9.57	8.97	6.27
6213	Travel and tour guides		13779		7.37	8.16	-10.72
6214	Air travel assistants	28140	22265	20.9	13.12	11.79	10.14
6215	Rail travel assistants	26798	25421	5.1	12.72	12.14	4.56
6219	Leisure and travel service occupations n.e.c.
6221	Hairdressers, barbers	15227	12633	17.0	7.98	6.51	18.42
6222	Beauticians and related occupations	0	15246			7.7
6231	Housekeepers and related occupations		13779		7.84	7.15	8.80
6232	Caretakers	19184	17294	9.9	9.1	8.73	4.07
6291	Undertakers and mortuary assistants	20072	23349	-16.3	9.95	10.92	-9.75
6292	Pest control officers	19980	0		9.89
7111	Sales and retail assistants	15723	13283	15.5	7.51	6.84	8.92
7112	Retail cashiers and check-out operators	13879	12587	9.3	6.99	6.54	6.44
7113	Telephone salespersons	19894	17688	11.1	9.18	8.87	3.38
7121	Collector salespersons and credit agents		0		7.9
7122	Debt, rent and other cash collectors	17376	16397	5.6	8.37	7.85	6.21
7123	Roundsmen/women and van salespersons	22548	15154	32.8	9.49	7.19	24.24
7124	Market and street traders and assistants		14674			7.21
7125	Merchandisers and window dressers	22161	20984	5.3	10.47	11.77	-12.42
7129	Sales related occupations n.e.c.	22222	17566	21.0	9.58	8.77	8.46
7211	Call centre agents/operators	16935	16427	3.0	8.35	8.65	-3.59
7212	Customer care occupations	18638	17331	7.0	8.99	8.89	1.11
8111	Food, drink and tobacco process operatives	19209	15429	19.7	8.29	7.01	15.44
8112	Glass and ceramics process operatives	20259	0		9.66
8113	Textile process operatives	19060	12574	34.0	8.58	6.58	23.31
8114	Chemical and related process operatives	27194	19009	30.1	11.7	9.14	21.88
8115	Rubber process operatives	21342	17210	19.4	10.61	8.43	20.55
8116	Plastics process operatives	19290	16762	13.1	8.97	8.71	2.90
8117	Metal making and treating process operatives	25683	12317	52.0	11.29	5.8	48.63
8118	Electroplaters	19966	0		9.03
8119	Process operatives n.e.c.	24738	13104	47.0	9.75	6.58	32.51
8121	Paper and wood machine operatives	20852			9.64	7.2	25.31
8122	Coal mine operatives		0
8123	Quarry workers and related operatives	25237	23301	7.7	9.94	11.47	-15.39
8124	Energy plant operatives	32039	0		14.17
8125	Metal working machine operatives	22220	14686	33.9	10.24	7.16	30.08
8126	Water and sewerage plant operatives	26992	19418	28.1	11.56	7.77	32.79
8129	Plant and machine operatives n.e.c.	21450			9.52	6.61	30.57
8131	Assemblers (electrical products)	17953	14383	19.9	8.43	7.31	13.29
8132	Assemblers (vehicles and metal goods)	24480	15960	34.8	11.99	8.84	26.27
8133	Routine inspectors and testers	22825	17110	25.0	10.65	8.33	21.78
8134	Weighers, graders, sorters	19069	14347	24.8	7.99	7.38	7.63
8135	Tyre, exhaust and windscreen fitters	18819	0		8.72
8136	Clothing cutters				10.95
8137	Sewing machinists	19264	13392	30.5	7.22	7.02	2.77
8138	Routine laboratory testers	17393	15700	9.7	8.86	7.46	15.80
8139	Assemblers and routine operatives n.e.c.	18598	15039	19.1	8.51	7.64	10.22
8141	Scaffolders, stagers, riggers	28992	0		12.9
8142	Road construction operatives	25072	0		10.3
8143	Rail construction and maintenance operatives	29196	0		11.57
8149	Construction operatives n.e.c.	26803	18634	30.5	11.44	7.8	31.82
8211	Heavy goods vehicle drivers	24996			9.7	8.58	11.55
8212	Van drivers	19028	13996	26.4	8.21	7.02	14.49
8213	Bus and coach drivers	22492	19627	12.7	9.95	9.57	3.82
8214	Taxi, cab drivers and chauffeurs	18714	15223	18.7	8.6	7.15	16.86
8215	Driving instructors	25578	0		13.5
8216	Rail transport operatives	31602	31119	1.5	13.42	13.53	-0.82
8217	Seafarers (merchant navy); barge, lighter and boat operatives	27881	0		12.39
8218	Air transport operatives	24705			11.68	10.02	14.21
8219	Transport operatives n.e.c.	27526			12.34	7.69	37.68
8221	Crane drivers		0		10.34
8222	Fork-lift truck drivers	19111	0		8.45
8223	Agricultural machinery drivers	21402	0		8.24
8229	Mobile machine drivers and operatives n.e.c.	24769	14632	40.9	10	6.86	31.40
9111	Farm workers	18909			7.65	6.67	12.81
9112	Forestry workers	19408	0		10.26
9119	Fishing and agriculture related occupations n.e.c.	15941	13389	16.0	7.23	6.27	13.28
9121	Labourers in building and woodworking trades	19215			8.73
9129	Labourers in other construction trades n.e.c.	19220	18176	5.4	9.25	9.11	1.51
9131	Labourers in foundries	17549	0		8.76
9132	Industrial cleaning process occupations	18025	15939	11.6	7.93	7.4	6.68
9133	Printing machine minders and assistants	21083	18634	11.6	9.87	9.49	3.85
9134	Packers, bottlers, canners, fillers	17381	14940	14.0	7.43	6.79	8.61
9139	Labourers in process and plant operations n.e.c.	18041	14556	19.3	8.09	6.83	15.57
9141	Stevedores, dockers and slingers	24567	0		10.98
9149	Other goods handling and storage occupations n.e.c.	18175	15784	13.2	8.18	7.39	9.66
9211	Postal workers, mail sorters, messengers, couriers	22515	20580	8.6	9.92	9.49	4.33
9219	Elementary office occupations n.e.c.		13216		7.45	7.06	5.23
9221	Hospital porters	18284			8.19	7.65	6.59
9222	Hotel porters	13621	0		6.88
9223	Kitchen and catering assistants	12760	12767	-0.1	6.15	6.58	-6.99
9224	Waiters, waitresses	13165	11783	10.5	6.16	6.33	-2.76
9225	Bar staff	12831	11242	12.4	6.15	6	2.44
9226	Leisure and theme park attendants	12871	14197	-10.3	6.16	6.35	-3.08
9229	Elementary personal services occupations n.e.c.	13440			6.26	6.87	-9.74
9231	Window cleaners	17116	0
9232	Road sweepers	17405	0		8.51
9233	Cleaners, domestics	15125	13301	12.1	6.96	6.98	-0.29
9234	Launderers, dry cleaners, pressers	13703	12836	6.3	6.13	6.19	-0.98
9235	Refuse and salvage occupations	18262			8.73
9239	Elementary cleaning occupations n.e.c.		15541		8.31	6.3	24.19
9241	Security guards and related occupations	21264	23132	-8.8	8.36	11.22	-34.21
9242	Traffic wardens	23231	0		10.23
9243	School crossing patrol attendants	0	0
9244	School mid-day assistants		12259		8.34	6.88	17.51
9245	Car park attendants	17161	19766	-15.2	7.89	10.8	-36.88
9249	Elementary security occupations n.e.c.	18672	18617	0.3	8.65	8.21	5.09
9251	Shelf fillers	13674	13337	2.5	7.43	7.23	2.69
9259	Elementary sales occupations n.e.c.		14201		6.45	7.29	-13.02
SOURCE: ASHE survey, ONS