Infants in households that receive some kind of basic or guaranteed income payment may benefit on a neurological level from the support, a new study suggests.
The study randomly divided a group of 1,000 mothers and their infants into two groups: one received $333 a month, the other $20, according to a report published Jan. 24 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences that analyzed data gathered from the Baby’s First Years study. The majority of the mothers were Black or Hispanic and had an average household income of around $20,000. The larger cash gifts boosted annual income for the mothers by about 20%. After one year, neurological activity was marginally higher in the children whose families received more money, the study showed.
The researchers measured the electroencephalography of 435 of the babies and found those whose families received the higher monthly payments exhibited more mid- and high-frequency brain power than the babies whose families received less. The researchers noted that these differences were modest. Future studies will analyze the household expenses for the families participating, parental stress levels and the mothers’ involvement in the workforce and at home.
Even so, Martha J. Farah, a neuroscientist at the University of Pennsylvania, called the study “proof that just giving the families more money, even a modest amount of more money, leads to better brain development.”
The findings come after the expanded child tax credit expired at the end of 2021, when lawmakers failed to pass a social policy bill that would have given families up to $300 per month per child. Parents used this money to pay for food, rent, and utilities, and the majority of households making less than $50,000 per year used the expanded child tax credit money to pay down debt. The COVID-19 pandemic has also caused a rise in child malnourishment, as well as a rise in demand at food banks nationwide.
