France’s government is taking action against Elon Musk’s artificial intelligence chatbot Grok after it generated French-language posts that questioned the use of gas chambers at Auschwitz and listed Jewish public figures.
Grok, built by Musk company xAI and integrated into his social media platform X, said in a widely shared post in French that claimed gas chambers at the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp were designed for “disinfection with Zyklon B against typhus” rather than for mass murder.
This is language long associated with Holocaust denial.
The Auschwitz Memorial soon highlighted the exchange on X, and commented that the response distorted historical facts and violated the platform’s rules.
As of this week, Grok’s responses to questions about Auschwitz appear to give historically accurate information.
Grok has a history of making antisemitic comments. Earlier this year, Musk’s company took down posts from the chatbot that appeared to praise Adolf Hitler after complaints about antisemitic content.
The Paris prosecutor’s office confirmed to The Associated Press on Friday that the Holocaust-denial comments have been added to an existing cybercrime investigation into X.
The case was opened earlier this year after French officials raised concerns that the platform’s algorithm could be used for foreign interference.
Prosecutors said that Grok’s remarks are now part of the investigation, and that “the functioning of the AI will be examined.”
France has one of Europe’s toughest Holocaust denial laws. Contesting the reality or genocidal nature of Nazi crimes can be prosecuted as a crime, alongside other forms of incitement to racial hatred.
Several French ministers, including Industry Minister Roland Lescure, have also reported Grok’s posts to the Paris prosecutor under a provision that requires public officials to flag possible crimes.
In a government statement, they described the AI-generated content as “manifestly illicit,” saying it could amount to racially motivated defamation and the denial of crimes against humanity.
French authorities referred the posts to a national police platform for illegal online content and alerted France’s digital regulator over suspected breaches of the European Union’s Digital Services Act.
The case adds to pressure from Brussels. This week, the European Commission, the EU's executive branch, said that the bloc is in contact with X about Grok and called some of the chatbot’s output “appalling,” saying it runs against Europe’s fundamental rights and values.
Two French rights groups, the Ligue des droits de l’Homme and SOS Racisme, have filed a criminal complaint accusing Grok and X of contesting crimes against humanity.
X and its AI unit, xAI, didn't immediately respond to requests for comment.
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