WASHINGTON _ Carter Page has a lengthy military background, academic credentials and, until recently, a largely apolitical financial career.
But now, he is a central character in the investigation into Russia's meddling in the U.S. election last year. And this week, it was disclosed that he has been under Justice Department surveillance because of suspicions that he acted as a foreign agent.
In an interview Friday in which he revealed new information about his military intelligence experience, Page said he had no idea why the Justice Department sought powers to spy on him.
"Let's see what's in this application (to the court) and we'll see what comes out, because I have done nothing wrong," he said.
Donald Trump announced in March 2016 that Page was one of his campaign's foreign-policy advisers. Yet Page has for months refused to say who brought him into the campaign. On CNN this week, he ruled out former campaign chief Paul Manafort as his conduit. Manafort himself faces questions about connections with Russia. And Page said last month that he had never met Michael Flynn, the national security adviser who was fired for not being forthcoming about his ties with Russia.
Page said Friday that he has offered to testify before congressional committees investigating links between Russia and the Trump campaign. He remains involved in Russia through his investment firm Global Energy Capital, which focuses on energy investment and advisory services in developing markets.
The company is privately held, so Page doesn't disclose his investors. It has a small internet presence; for example, in online documents, it doesn't appear as a partner of other companies that file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
What little is known about it comes from a June 9, 2008, confidential cable to the State Department from the U.S. Embassy in Turkmenistan. It details how Page and James Richard, who was then his partner, had visited the embassy in Ashgabat three days earlier while attending an oil conference. The cable said Page and Richard met with the deputy prime minister for oil and were looking to assemble an investment fund of $1 billion.
The cable noted that the two men offered to invest in state companies to make them "substantially more powerful than they currently are." Page described his work in Moscow, the cable said, as helping take Russia's Gazprom from a normal state oil company to "super major status."
Page wanted to attract global investors to energy projects in former Soviet republics. That Turkmenistan project never got off the ground, he confirmed Friday, clarifying that he is involved in energy projects in the United States and globally, not just Russia.
The Justice Department's reasons for spying on Page, a U.S. citizen and military veteran, are unknown. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court documents are secret, but privacy advocates have long complained that the bar for surveillance is too low.
From June 8 to Dec. 31, 2015, the last period for which data are available, there were 1,010 applications for surveillance authority. All but five were approved, and 169 were accepted after modification.
Page had what he described as an unwitting exchange with a spy who said he was a Russian United Nations official. Page confirmed that he cooperated with the FBI in its prosecution of a Russian intelligence operative and two other Russian agents. In an April 3 statement, Page said he had shared parts of a lecture that amounted to publicly available information with a person he thought was a U.N. official.
Page also received largely unreported attention from nationalist organizations in Russia that could have invited scrutiny. The Moscow television station Tsargrad covered him before, during and after his speech to the New Economic School in Moscow. Tsargrad is owned by right-wing nationalist Konstantin Malofeev, who was sanctioned by the Obama administration and European allies for allegedly bankrolling Russian nationalists in the Crimean peninsula, which was seized by Russian President Vladimir Putin's forces in February 2014.
Tsargrad is affiliated with a nationalist research foundation called Katehon, also funded by Malofeev. Tsargrad's editor in chief is Aleksander Dugin, a conservative who wrote confidently on Katehon's website in February 2016 that Trump's nationalist message would carry him to the U.S. presidency.
Page said Friday that he did not know Malofeev or Dugin, but they seemed to have taken special interest in him. Both are long allied with Putin.
"Konstantin Malofeev served as one of the chief financiers of Russian mercenaries fighting against the Ukrainian government. He was sanctioned by the United States for directly aiding and abetting Russia's proxies," said Mike Carpenter, deputy assistant defense secretary from 2015 until last January and a Russia specialist.
As a leader of the Eurasian Youth Movement, Dugin mobilized Russian volunteers to fight in Ukraine alongside Russian forces and Russian-backed separatists, Carpenter said, for which the United States sanctioned him.
Page's speech in Moscow last July 7 drew this commentary on the Katehon website:
"After the reunification of Crimea with Russia and the beginning of operations in Ukraine, he was one of the few American experts who called for understanding the actions of Russia. Page came out openly against the interventionist policy of NATO, which, in his opinion, provoked Russia with its expansion."
It was the speech and media reaction in the United States _ fanned by the Hillary Clinton campaign, Page said _ that led to his separation from the campaign weeks later.
Page played a minor role in the campaign, said Sam Nunberg, a Trump strategist in 2015, adding that "now he's a major liability. Free advice to Carter Page: Stay off of TV."
Page appeared on TV news shows this week to dispute allegations that he has improper ties to Russia. He often refused to answer questions.
The authority to put Page under surveillance, reported first by The Washington Post Tuesday, came in August after Page stepped down from the Trump campaign, The New York Times reported Wednesday.
That Page is caught up in international intrigue doesn't surprise Ian Bremmer, who runs the risk-analysis firm Eurasia Group. Page worked with him briefly as a researcher about 16 years ago.
"He struck me as extremely smart, but ... I came to realize quite quickly pro-Kremlin," Bremmer said in an interview last month.
In the late 1990s, being pro-Kremlin was not unusual; even President Bill Clinton had a tight relationship with his Russian counterpart, Boris Yeltsin.
At the time, the Council on Foreign Relations had awarded Page one of its prized international affairs fellowships. The organization confirmed that Page was one of 11 who won the fellowship for the 1998-99 year, spending his time in residence at the council's New York offices.
At the Naval Academy, Page was a Trident Scholar, a designation that allowed him to be a researcher for the House Armed Services Committee during his senior year. The scholarship put him in the office of Rep. Les Aspin, D-Wis., shortly before the congressman became Clinton's defense secretary. Page also said he had had worked in the Middle East and Europe as a surface warfare officer, and that he had later worked in the Pentagon on nuclear nonproliferation matters.
On Jan. 10, the online news site BuzzFeed published the private intelligence dossier compiled by a former British spy, Christopher Steele. It included unsubstantiated claims of collusion between the Trump campaign and the Kremlin. And it alleged that Page had met with Igor Sechin, the powerful chief of oil giant Rosneft.
The Russian Foreign Ministry dismissed that allegation as "crap."
The most explosive allegation about Page was that Sechin offered him the right to broker a 19 percent stake in Rosneft if the Trump administration lifted financial sanctions on Russia.
"Come on now. We need to move on and look at real issues," Page said when asked about that allegation.
The dossier's references to Page re-emerged in news reports after former KGB chief Oleg Erovinkin was found dead in a Moscow alley on Dec. 26. The first news reports in Russia indicated that he had been murdered, and then were changed to say that he had died of a heart attack.
Erovinkin was a top aide to Sechin and was believed to be a go-between for his boss and Putin. His death drew attention in the British media in late January because the former KGB man fit the description of an informant mentioned in Steele's dossier.
Page addressed the issue Friday, saying he never met Erovinkin and does not recall ever being in his presence but that perhaps he was at some conference or cocktail party at the same time Page was.
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(McClatchy special correspondent Peter Stone contributed to this report.)
