- Finnish President Alexander Stubb stated that European countries would be compelled to engage militarily with Russia if it launched further aggression against Ukraine, as part of post-war security guarantees.
- These security guarantees, discussed by a 'coalition of the willing', are intended to be a strong and plausible deterrent against future Russian invasions.
- French President Emmanuel Macron revealed that 26 nations have committed to a 'reassurance force' in Ukraine, involving military presence on the ground, sea, or air.
- President Stubb maintains a close relationship with US president Donald Trump, with whom he is in regular contact and has an upcoming meeting.
- Concerns have risen over Russian fighter jet incursions into the airspace of Estonia, Poland, and Romania, though Estonia has not deemed it necessary to trigger NATO's Article 5.
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