Australia's spy boss identified Jewish holy events as attractive targets for terrorists months before the Bondi Beach massacre.
But a royal commission has been told there was no evidence any intelligence agency specifically suspected a terror attack would take place before 15 people were killed in the anti-Semitic attack on December 14.
On Monday, the inquiry began looking at potential failures of security agencies to stop the mass shooting.
After two people were killed by an assailant at a synagogue in Manchester in October 2025, ASIO circulated a threat assessment paper entitled: "Manchester Synagogue terrorist attack highlights enduring threat to Jewish interests."
The paper noted Jewish holy days and other significant dates were attractive targets for extremists, including Yom Kippur, the two-year anniversary of Hamas' October 7 attack, and Hanukkah.
