The European Space Agency appear to have determined that its Schiaparelli probe has landed on Mars.
Scientists had initially worried that the hugely important robot – which is intended as a demonstration of the technology used for landing, as well as to test theories about the potential of life on Mars – was lost, because it didn't send back an initial message to say that it was safe.
But scientists said that they had received a signal back from Mars Express, a craft currently orbiting around the red planet, about the probe. But they didn't initially confirm that meant that the lander had arrived on the planet safely.
There were huge celebrations at the European Space Agency headquarters when the message came through, indicating that TGO had successfully inserted itself into orbit after a 139-minute engine burn. But there was still no news on whether Schiaparelli had made it safely to the ground, as efforts continued to process the data from Mars Express.
The important moment will come when Schiaparelli tries to make contact with Nasa's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. If it's able to, then that orbiter will be able to send a message back to Earth indicating the status of the lander, potentially allowing it to start communicating with Earth.
Don McCoy, the manager of the ExoMars project of which the two craft are part, said some data had been received from the lander confirming its entry and the deployment of its parachute. More information was expected later on Wednesday.
“We can't conclude the real status of (Schiaparelli) at the moment but indeed it did enter the atmosphere,” McCoy said at mission control in Darmstadt, Germany.
Landing a spacecraft on Mars is notoriously difficult and several past missions have failed, including the European Space Agency's previous attempt in 2003 with the rover Beagle 2. It made it to Mars but its solar panels didn't unfold properly, preventing it from communicating.
The Schiaparelli probe left its mothership on Sunday and has been making its way to the surface of the planet ever since.
Although the probe has some instruments on board – and will use one of them to test a potential signal of life on the planet – its main job is as a test of the landing system for a much bigger ExoMars mission that's expected to launch in 2020.
That landing system sees it initially slow down as a result of the friction from the heat shield. It then deploys a parachute about seven miles above the planet to slow it down even more, and fires rockets soon after that.
Once the landing maneuvres are all complete the rockets switch off and the probe drops all of the rest of the way to the surface.
