The number of electric cars, vans, trucks and buses on the world’s roads is on course to increase from 11m vehicles to 145m by the end of the decade, which could wipe out demand for millions of barrels of oil every day.
A report by the International Energy Agency has found that there could be 230m electric vehicles worldwide by 2030 if governments agreed to encourage the production of enough low-carbon vehicles to stay within global climate targets.
The IEA’s first global report on electric vehicles has found that sales in the first quarter of 2021 were more than 2.5 times higher than in the same months last year, when the Covid-19 pandemic triggered a string of recessions across global economies.
Despite the economic slowdown, which caused the global car industry to shrink by 16% last year, a record 3m new electric cars were registered around the world last year, to bring the total to 10m electric cars. There are also approximately 1m electric vans, heavy trucks and buses.
The increase in electric cars is closely watched by the energy industry and is expected to have significant implications for oil companies, which rely on the demand for transport fuels to support the profits they make from producing crude.
Under the world’s existing climate policies, electric vehicles could remove the need for more than 2m barrels a day of diesel and petrol by 2030, and save the equivalent of 120m tonnes of carbon dioxide.
If governments increase their ambition for electric road transport to align with global climate targets electric vehicles could displace about 3.5m barrels of oil a day, almost doubling the carbon savings.
The electric vehicle boom also has multibillion-dollar implications for the global automotive industry. The IEA said consumers spent $120bn on electric vehicles last year, up 50% from the year before, as carmakers offered 370 electric models to the market, an increase of 40% compared with 2019.
The race to corner the electric vehicle market is expected to gain pace as 18 of the 20 largest carmakers – representing 90% of the global automotive industry – prepare to increase the number of models on offer, and increase the number of electric light-duty vehicles from their production lines, the report adds.
“Current sales trends are very encouraging but our shared climate and energy goals call for even faster market uptake,” said Fatih Birol, the IEA’s executive director.
The report says producing enough electric vehicles to put the world on course to meet its climate targets would be a “formidable challenge” and calls for “stronger ambition and action from all countries”.
Birol said: “Governments should now be doing the essential groundwork to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles by using economic recovery packages to invest in battery manufacturing and the development of widespread and reliable charging infrastructure.”
The IEA expects advances in battery technology and mass manufacturing of electric cars will continue to reduce their cost – and decrease the need for government subsidies. But the 2020s will also need government policies that promote the introduction of low-carbon medium- and heavy-duty vehicles and greater investment in installing fast-charging infrastructure.
