As expectant mothers begin their pregnancy journey, ensuring optimal health becomes paramount. It helps protect both mother and fetus from many dangerous diseases including cancer. According to the latest estimates of the global burden of disease by the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2022, there were more than 14.1 lakh new cancer cases in India and the disease caused more than 9.1 lakh deaths. The report further identified breast and cervical cancer as the most diagnosed cancer among women.
Expectant mothers should consider following things in mind during pregnancy to reduce the risk of developing cancer.
Maintain a balanced diet
Make sure to maintain a nutrient-rich balanced diet. Expectant mothers should focus on including a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats in their diet. From a nutritional perspective, this ensures adequate intake of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants necessary for cellular repair and immune function, potentially reducing the risk of developing cancer.
Additionally, eating specific diets, such as green leafy vegetables, legumes and fortified cereals, may help reduce cancer risk. Similarly, people who consume meat may prevent the development of cancer by including foods containing omega-3 fatty acids, fatty fish and flaxseed, chia seed, soybean oil.
Stay hydrated
Adequate hydration is very important during pregnancy, as water aids in the transport of nutrients, elimination of waste products, and maintenance of overall bodily functions. Pregnant women should drink enough water throughout the day to support hydration and overall health.
Limit intake of processed foods
Expectant mothers should limit their intake of processed foods, sugary snacks, and refined carbohydrates. These items not only lack essential nutrients, but they can also contribute to weight gain and inflammation, factors associated with an increased risk of cancer and other chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.
Avoid intoxicant
Tobacco, alcohol and smoking should be avoided during or possibly before pregnancy. All three substances are associated with an increased risk of various cancers and their avoidance is particularly important to protect fetal development and maternal health.
Avoid pollution
Environmental factors are also important causes of cancer. Women should avoid polluted air as much as possible during pregnancy. Additionally, Using sunscreen can help reduce the risk of skin cancer by limiting exposure to harmful UV rays.
Physical activity
From a lifestyle perspective, regular physical activity during pregnancy is beneficial for both the mother and the fetus. Moderate exercise, such as slow walking or engaging in prenatal yoga, not only promotes physical fitness but also helps with stress management and improves mood swings which is an important aspect of overall well-being during pregnancy.
Women have to take more care of their health during pregnancy, especially in a country like India where cancer rates are high. During this time, not only her own health but also the health of the child depends on the mother. By keeping the above things in mind, women can experience a healthy pregnancy and protect themselves and the child from dangerous diseases like cancer.
(Author: Samiksha Kalra Gupta, Senior Dietitian, Madhukar Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Delhi)
