China has revised regulations protecting integrated-circuit layout designs, tightening registration standards and allowing punitive damages for serious infringement, as Beijing seeks to better safeguard domestic chip know-how.
The revised regulations, signed by Premier Li Qiang on July 23, will take effect on October 15, the Justice Ministry and China National Intellectual Property Administration said in a document published by state news agency Xinhua on Monday.
The rules cover detailed layouts that determine how components are arranged within a chip, designs that can reflect substantial engineering work and are central to semiconductor development even for companies that do not manufacture chips themselves.
The measures do not amount to export controls, but reflect the greater strategic importance Beijing is assigning to technology developed by Chinese companies.
US restricting access to chip design
China's semiconductor industry has accelerated efforts to develop domestic alternatives after successive U.S. restrictions limited access to advanced semiconductor-design software and manufacturing equipment.
Chinese policymakers have also considered broader measures to prevent strategically important domestic technologies from being transferred overseas or acquired by foreign companies, the Financial Times reported last month.
Those proposals could include restrictions on overseas production of advanced chips based on Chinese designs, the newspaper said.
The revisions announced on Monday are aimed at making it harder to copy such work or secure legal rights over designs developed by others.
Applicants must show that filings result from genuine creative activity, submit declarations of originality, and clearly identify the original elements in materials lodged with authorities.
Regulators will be able to reject applications that clearly fail to meet those requirements, while the changes also provide a clearer basis for challenging registrations that should not have been granted.
The regulations strengthen remedies for infringement, allowing damages to be calculated based on losses suffered by the rights holder or gains made by the infringer. Courts can award punitive damages in serious cases.
The rules also clarify how layout-design rights can be licensed, transferred or used as collateral, and require organisations leading their creation to provide eligible personnel with reasonable rewards and remuneration.
