Ashley Barnes struck a late winner to hand Burnley a 2-1 victory and put a huge dent into Tottenham's title hopes.
Chris Wood's fourth goal in as many games handed the Clarets the lead against the run of play before Kane equalised nine minutes later.
But Barnes tapped home with just seven minutes left on the clock to seal all three points to leave Tottenham five points off the league leaders Manchester City.
The sun was shining down on the pitch and that caused a headache for the Spurs defence in the first half, with Hugo Lloris forced to divert Jeff Hendrick's attempt straight from a corner over the bar inside the first two minutes.
Harry Kane made the headlines after making a full recovery from an ankle ligament injury to start his first game in six weeks.
All eyes were on the 25-year-old and after an understandably slow start, Kane got his first glimpse of goal after driving towards the penalty area and sending a low shot wide of the far post.
Burnley nearly took the lead in some style through Ashley Barnes just after the half-hour mark, the striker latching onto a scuffed cross from Jeff Hendrick to fire narrowly over the bar.
Chances were at a premium in the first half but the game livened up after the interval, and Heaton had to be on hand to deny Kane after the striker had unleashed a ferocious effort from 30 yards.
Then came the opener, but not from the team who was providing the pressure. Dwight McNeil whipped in a lovely corner and there was Chris Wood to send a bullet header in off the bar.
Spurs responded quickly and it wasn't long before they were back on level terms. Some quick thinking from Danny Rose enabled him to send a long throw down the line to Kane, who shrugged off Ben Mee's challenge to poke past Tom Heaton.
Tottenham continued their push for a winner, with Pochettino sending on Fernando Llorente and Erik Lamela, but it was Burnley who found the crucial opening when Johann Berg Gudmundsson's cross was turned in by Ashley Barnes at the back post to land a firm blow to Tottenham's faint title hopes
Team line-ups, match action and reaction
Burnley XI: Heaton, Bardsley, Tarkowski, Mee, Taylor, Hendrick, Westwood, Cork, McNeil, Barnes, Wood.
Substitutes: Lowton, Gudmundsson, Brady, Gibson, Crouch, Hart, Vydra.
Tottenham XI: Lloris, Foyth, Alderweireld, Vertonghen, Aurier, Sissoko, Winks, Rose, Eriksen, Kane, Son.
Substitutes: Lamela, Wanyama, Walker-Peters, Llorente, Gazzaniga, Lucas Moura, Davies.
Referee: Mike Dean (Wirral
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