Brain hemorrhage, also known as intracranial hemorrhage, is a life-threatening emergency wherein bleeding occurs in or around the brain. This happens as the blood vessel bursts, leading to pressure buildup and potential brain damage. It is not only seen in adults or senior citizens but even youngsters aged 25-35. Factors causing brain hemorrhage in youngsters are high blood pressure, head trauma (a fall, car accident, sports injury), aneurysms (weakened blood vessels), brain tumors, blood clotting disorders, and stroke.
Common symptoms include sudden severe headaches, nausea and vomiting, sensitivity to light, stiff neck, seizures, weakness in arms and legs, tingling or numbness, inability to swallow, troubled breathing, loss of motor skills, breathlessness, hand tremors, loss of balance, dizziness, unconsciousness, vision problems, weakness on one side of the body, difficulty speaking, and loss of consciousness. If not treated promptly, it can lead to long-term disability, complete loss of brain function, or even death.
Understanding why brain hemorrhage cases are increasing among youngsters: Brain hemorrhages are now commonly seen in young people is a growing matter of concern and an alarming fact. Unfortunately, the prevalence of uncontrolled high blood pressure because of unhealthy eating habits, excessive salt intake, and lack of physical activity has led to a significant spike in brain hemorrhage cases. Moreover, stress also increases blood pressure, and weak blood vessels over time cause brain hemorrhage. Smoking, alcohol, energy drink consumption, and drug abuse contribute to poor vascular health and raise the chances of brain bleeds. The rise in extreme workout trends and the use of performance-enhancing substances, accidents causing head trauma, brain tumors, strokes, aneurysms (weakened blood vessels), and even undiagnosed congenital conditions like arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are the potential causes of brain hemorrhage.
The diagnosis: A CT scan and MRI can help identify internal bleeding in the brain, and then the expert will immediately initiate treatment.
The treatment: Remember, a brain hemorrhage is a medical emergency, and timely intervention will enhance the survival rates and reduce complications and lifelong disability. Recognizing the warning signs such as sudden weakness, slurred speech, and severe headaches will be beneficial in sacksful patient outcomes. The brain hemorrhage immediate treatment includes medications to control bleeding, surgery (craniotomy) to relieve pressure, and rehabilitation therapy to prevent long-term damage and disability.
The last word: Spreading awareness about risk factors, educating people about maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and regular health check-ups will help to prevent brain hemorrhage. Moreover, it will be imperative for youngsters to monitor their blood pressure and take medication as prescribed by the doctor, manage stress, avoid smoking or excessive alcohol consumption, and seek treatment for any clotting disorders. Take necessary precautions while traveling by wearing a helmet or during sports by making sure to use appropriate sports gear to avoid head trauma.
Dr Harish R Naik, Consultant Neurosurgeon (Brain & Spine), Medicover Hospitals, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai
