The use of artificial intelligence and automation is both creating and "destroying" jobs, a new study suggests.
A third of organisations have invested in AI and automation in recent years, with just over one in three saying it led to more jobs, and one in four reporting fewer positions, research indicated.
Almost half of employers introducing AI believed the main jobs affected had become more secure, while two in five said pay had been increased.
Just over half of workers said AI or automation had not helped them do their job any better, while a quarter said it had.
The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) and PA Consulting said their survey of 759 employers raised concerns about a lack of strategic planning when introducing AI in the workplace.
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CIPD chief executive Peter Cheese said: "All evidence suggests that the impact of AI and automation stands to be significant, with the power to create, change and destroy jobs on a scale that hasn't been seen before.
"The only question is the timeframe for this change. Rather than rushing to embrace new technology, employers need to really understand how it will work in practice with their greatest asset - their people. Technology alone will not drive performance."
Katharine Henley, of PA Consulting, said: "Our research shows that it's a long way from the 'robots will take my job' anxiety that dominates the media's image of AI and automation.
"There's a real opportunity for HR to equip businesses to think big and seize the opportunity to transform themselves."
Adrian Wakeling, senior policy adviser at the conciliation service Acas, said: "The use of AI and automation in the workplace is likely to increase so employers and their staff need to be well prepared for the future.
"Acas is looking at how new technology can impact the world of work. If it is not managed properly, then the big concerns for the future of work can include growing inequality, an erosion of work-life balance and the damaging effect that work intensification and isolation may have on mental health."
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