WASHINGTON _ Mexico's Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador once likened President Donald Trump to Hitler. But on Wednesday, it was smiles and handshakes as the two leaders held a day of meetings in the White House to celebrate a new trade agreement that both hope can salvage their respective economies, devastated by the coronavirus pandemic.
Trump and Lopez Obrador, unlikely allies who now call each other "friends," came to the meeting as each is combating domestic political troubles over policies that have failed to slow the spread of the deadly disease.
Lopez Obrador, a proud Mexican nationalist who favors leftist rhetoric, was heavily criticized for using his first trip abroad in 19 months as president to confer with Trump, whose right-wing broadsides often disparage Mexicans and whose policies are stubbornly anti-immigration.
Lopez Obrador has already acquiesced to numerous Trump demands aimed at reducing migration to the United States from Latin America, despite the hardships created for tens of thousands of Mexican and Central American migrants and asylum-seekers. Having done so is something Lopez Obrador has refused to acknowledge in Mexico.
The central theme, however, at Wednesday's meetings and a working dinner was to mark the trade treaty reached by the United States, Mexico and Canada that took effect July 1.
Trump's economic adviser Larry Kudlow hailed the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement, or USMCA, as a major job creator, especially in automobile and other manufacturing industries, that will boost economic recovery after the coronavirus pandemic.
"As the three countries respect this deal then you're gonna have an explosion of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship and new innovation in North America," Kudlow said on Fox News television.
In fact, the USMCA is an update of the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement among the three countries. It adds labor and environmental protections, but experts predict it will have limited short-term impact on growth.
Lopez Obrador had hoped that Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau would also be at the White House this week as a form of political cover to what is an enormously controversial trip both here and in Mexico. But Trudeau declined, citing a busy schedule and the inappropriateness of international travel amid the COVID-19 pandemic that continues to rage in the United States.
Like Trump, Lopez Obrador has been scornful of the science behind the deadly disease and downplayed the risks. The Mexican president says he has never been tested for COVID-19 because he has no symptoms, and will take a test only if the White House requires it. It did, but neither Lopez Obrador nor Trump, as they stood outside the Oval Office, wore a mask.
"For both presidents, this serves as a distraction from the crisis in their countries, which is COVID-19," said Fernando Cutz, a former member of Trump's National Security Council in charge of Latin America and now at the Wilson Center think tank and Cohen Group consulting firm.
"They'd be very happy to be able to shift the conversation to anything else as quickly as possible. Neither has been perceived as doing a particularly good job" in fighting the pandemic and its economic consequences, Cutz said.
For Trump, the visit was a chance to mark a rare, concrete achievement _ the trade agreement _ while also showing he can still host the Mexican president despite his administration's hard-line approach toward the southern neighbor. Lopez Obrador's strategy appears aimed at flattering Trump and minimizing the potential damage an American president can do.
"The two are in a symbiotic relationship," said Christopher Sabatini, senior fellow for Latin America at the London-based Chatham House.
Lopez Obrador has cooperated with Trump's immigration policies by agreeing to keep migrants and potential asylum-seekers in Mexico to prevent them from reaching the U.S. He has tempered some of Trump's other tough ideas, deflecting threatened tariffs on Mexican products destined for U.S. markets and a possible restriction on Mexican exports of petroleum.
In addition to the White House appearances, Lopez Obrador placed wreaths at the Lincoln Memorial and at a statue of Benito Juarez, the 19th-century Mexican hero who fought for independence from the French and became the country's first indigenous president. Noisy crowds of mostly pro-Lopez Obrador demonstrators accompanied the leader, chanting in Spanish, "Presidente! You are not alone!" There were small protests as well.
The White House dinner was to include some of Mexico's leading billionaire business bosses, among them telecoms tycoon Carlos Slim, one of the world's richest men. No meetings with Mexican American or immigrant groups, or U.S. lawmakers were scheduled.
Lopez Obrador is ignoring strong opposition to his visit from both U.S. Democrats and many Mexicans. A dozen Latino members of Congress wrote Trump urging the meeting be canceled and calling it a political stunt.
According to Axios, Trump returned the letter with a note scrawled on the top, apparently with a black Sharpie, ignoring the plea and calling the Mexican president "my friend and a wonderful man."
"I look forward to meeting with the president," Trump wrote. "Will be good (+important) for both Mexico + the USA."
Lopez Obrador also praised his relationship with Trump, whom he had never met.
"Our adversaries say, 'How can I go if Mexicans have been insulted?'" Lopez Obrador told reporters before departing Mexico City. "I can say to the people of my country that since we have been in office, there has been a relationship of respect, not only toward the government, but especially toward the people of Mexico."
Even as Lopez Obrador spoke, however, Trump was tweeting photographs of a portion of the border wall between the U.S. and Mexico _ much hated in Mexico _ which he has vowed to expand.
And Trump is reportedly considering attempting again this week to kill the so-called Dreamers program, which protects from deportation hundreds of thousands of immigrants who, as children, were brought to the U.S. illegally by relatives.
The Supreme Court struck down Trump's first attempt to rescind the Obama-era program, whose beneficiaries are largely Mexican-born, though most scarcely recall the country.
"Nice (welcome) gift for Mexico's president," tweeted Arturo Sarukhan, the former Mexican ambassador to Washington who now runs a consulting firm in Washington for multinational corporations.
Sabatini, of Chatham House, said Trump may feel he needs to balance rolling out the red carpet for a Mexican president with tossing out red meat to his political base.
As different as the frugal Lopez Obrador, 66, and the ostentatious Trump, 74, are in background and politics, both have many traits in common, including a demagogic style and an unshakable core of supporters who will remain unfazed regardless of what the two men do.
"Trump can tout one of his few foreign policy achievements and claim that by renegotiating NAFTA, the U.S. ended up with a better deal," said Michael Shifter, an expert on Latin America and president of the Washington-based Inter-American Dialogue. "He can also appear with a Mexican president, whose people and migrants Trump has relentlessly insulted but who has nonetheless been notably accommodating to the U.S. president on a range of issues."
Lopez Obrador seems determined "to keep Trump happy and keep the U.S. at bay," Shifter added.
Some analysts worried that Lopez Obrador's fawning regard for Trump so close to a U.S. presidential election could undermine the bilateral U.S.-Mexico relationship, especially if former Vice President Joe Biden wins in November.
During the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign, when Trump repeatedly used Mexico as a punching bag, he traveled to Mexico City to meet with then-President Enrique Pena Nieto in an encounter widely seen as politically damaging to the Mexican leader.
Taking place at a time when few Democrats are in town _ Congress is in recess _ Lopez Obrador's visit could be seen as a highly partisan gesture, said Juan Gonzalez, a former senior adviser to Biden. But Gonzalez added that the bilateral relationship is too important and is unlikely to suffer long-term damage, especially in a Democratic-led administration.
Some economists saw more positive potential in the Lopez Obrador visit, especially if it focuses on trade and how Mexico can replace China in supply chains.
Plus, it could allow Lopez Obrador to reassure international investors jittery about his reputation as a leftist, said Juan Carlos Baker, a former deputy commerce secretary in the Mexican government, during in a Tuesday teleconference organized by the Washington-based Atlantic Council think tank.
"The reality is that regardless of the political context in both countries, the U.S. and Mexico cannot give themselves the luxury of not speaking to each other," he said. "The axis of the visit must center around economic issues and the possibility for recovery."
