Work by the Second World War codebreaker Alan Turing could help develop better tests for the early detection of cancer and other diseases, according to experts.
Researchers at Edinburgh University believe his mathematical techniques could be used to help measure the effectiveness of existing diagnostic tools.
Currently the accuracy of diagnostic tests is assessed using statistical techniques developed in the 1980s.
These are unable to gauge how useful a test could be in determining an individual’s risk of developing a disease.
But now experts at the university’s Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics believe Mr Turing’s methods could improve diagnoses.
Working at Bletchley Park in 1941, Mr Turing came up with the method used to break the German forces’ Enigma code.
His approach investigated the distribution of so-called weights of evidence – which establish the likely outcomes in a given situation – to help him decide the best strategy for cracking Enigma.
The same principle could aid the development of personalised treatments, according to the research published in the journal Statistical Methods in Medical Research.
Edinburgh's professor Paul McKeigue, of Edinburgh University, said: “Most existing diagnostic tests for identifying people at high risk of cancer or heart disease do not come anywhere near the standards we could hope to see.
“The new era of precision medicine is emerging, and this method should make it easier for researchers and regulatory agencies to decide when a new diagnostic test should be used.”
