Extension cords provide power to devices when their own cable is too short to reach an outlet. This makes it easier to use gadgets across the room or tap into an outdoor receptacle. However, extension cords don't play so nice with energy-hungry appliances that draw large amounts of power. Their increased demands can damage the device plugged into the extension cord or even worse potentially start a fire.
When you connect a high-current appliance through an extension cord, it introduces a small resistance. Resistance increases with the length of the cord so the further electricity has to travel the lower the voltage will measure at the appliance. When a machine receives too little voltage, it draws more current to accomplish the same amount of work. Running specific high-powered machines off of an extension cord risks overloading the cord, overheating, and potentially causing a fire.
Read on to see the 5 outlet-powered gadgets that should never be connected to an extension cord.
1. Space heater
You've likely heard this by now—avoid plugging a space heater into an extension cord like the plague. It's dangerous for several reasons. Space heaters (high-wattage heaters especially) suck up a massive amount of power and can easily overload an extension cord. The constant high power draw can cause the extension cord to overheat and even potentially catch fire. That's dangerous for a machine that already gets hot as it is.
2. Microwave oven
Microwave ovens draw a significant amount of power when in use. Plugging a microwave into an extension cord can lead to overheating and may not provide a stable power supply, affecting its performance. I learned this firsthand when my 1100W Toshiba microwave's cook times were off when I moved into my first apartment. Plugging it directly into a wall outlet made a night and day difference with a stronger and more powerful cook that was better than what I'd experienced while it was plugged into a multi-tap extension cord.
3. Refrigerator
Larger appliances like refrigerators and freezers need a stable power flow directly from a wall outlet to function properly. Even the best extension cords experience voltage drops and fluctuations, which can cause these appliances to malfunction. In extreme cases, these changes can permanently damage your equipment.
If you're in a bind and temporarily need to run your fridge off of an extension cord I recommend getting a thicker, higher gauge model. Ensure that it's above your appliance's power rating so that it can compensate and carry enough juice to your fridge.
4. Washing machine
Your washing machine and dryer should always be plugged directly into a wall outlet. Like other larger appliances, they simply require too much power and risk too many moving mechanical parts. The use of an extension cord may cause premature part failure. The warranty on the washer may not cover this type of failure.
5. Air conditioner
Air conditioners also consume a lot of electricity, especially window units or portable air conditioners with high cooling capacities. Plugging these devices into an extension cord can lead to overheating and pose a fire hazard. Even worse a lower current transfer can overwork and break an AC unit's motor.
In general, you should not use a device that draws significant current with an extension cord. But if you must in an emergency, make sure it's a thick, short extension cord that provides a high amount of voltage to prevent motor or part damage and see proper performance.
