Qatar and Egypt, guarantors of the Gaza ceasefire, on Saturday called for the withdrawal of Israeli troops and the deployment of an international stabilisation force as the necessary next steps in fully implementing the fragile peace plan.
The measures were spelt out in the US- and UN-backed peace plan that has largely halted the fighting in the Palestinian territory, though the warring parties have yet to agree on how to move forward from the deal's first phase.
Its initial steps saw Israeli troops pull back behind a so-called "yellow line" within Gaza's borders, while Palestinian militant group Hamas released the living hostages it still held and handed over the remains of all but one of the deceased.
"Now we are at the critical moment... A ceasefire cannot be completed unless there is a full withdrawal of the Israeli forces, (and) there is stability back in Gaza," Qatari premier Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani told the Doha Forum, an annual diplomatic conference on Saturday.
Qatar, alongside Egypt and the United States, helped secure the long-elusive truce in Gaza, which came into effect on 10 October and has mostly halted two years of fighting between Israel and Hamas.
Ceasefire violations
Under a second phase of the deal, which has yet to begin, Israel is to withdraw from its positions in the territory, an interim authority is to take over governance, and an international stabilisation force is to be deployed.
Key sticking points have emerged over the implementation of the second phase, notably the question of Hamas's disarmament.
Hamas is supposed to disarm under the 20-point plan first outlined by US President Donald Trump, with members who decommission their weapons allowed to leave Gaza. The militant group has repeatedly rejected the proposition.
Under the plan endorsed by the UN in November, Gaza is to be administered by a transitional governing body known as the "Board of Peace".
It would be chaired by Trump, while the identities of the other members have yet to be announced.
Arab and Muslim nations, however, have been hesitant to participate in the new force, which could end up fighting Palestinian militants.
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Turkey's Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan told the forum that talks on the force were ongoing, with critical questions remaining as to its command structure and which countries would contribute.
But its first goal, Fidan said, "should be to separate Palestinians from the Israelis".
"This should be our main objective. Then we can address the other remaining issues," he added.
Egypt's Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty, also speaking at the Doha Forum, said the international force needed to be deployed "as soon as possible on the ground because one party, which is Israel, is every day violating the ceasefire."
He called for the force to be deployed along "the yellow line in order to verify and to monitor" the truce.
There have been multiple deadly incidents of Israeli forces firing on Palestinians in the vicinity of the yellow line since the ceasefire went into effect.
Justice for both sides
Turkey, which is also a guarantor of the truce, has indicated it wants to take part in the stabilisation force, but its efforts are viewed unfavourably in Israel, which considers Ankara too close to Hamas.
Fidan later said at the Doha Forum that the disarmament of Hamas should not be the main priority in Gaza.
"That cannot be the first thing to do in the process, the disarming. We need to put things in (their) proper order, we have to be realistic," he said.
He also urged the US to intervene with Israel's Prime Minister Netanyahu to ensure the plan succeeds.
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"If they don't intervene, I'm afraid there is a risk the plan can fail," Fidan said.
"The amount of daily violations of the ceasefire by the Israelis is indescribable at the moment and all indicators are showing that there is a huge risk of stopping the process," he added.
Sheikh Mohammed said Qatar and the other truce guarantors were "getting together in order to force the way forward for the next phase" of the deal.
"And this next phase is just also temporary from our perspective," he said, calling for a "lasting solution that provides justice for both people".
Aid deliveries
The ceasefire plan calls for Gaza's vital Rafah crossing on the border with Egypt to be reopened to allow in aid – a goal shared by humanitarian actors.
Israel this week said it would open the checkpoint, but "exclusively for the exit of residents from the Gaza Strip to Egypt".
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Egypt swiftly denied that it had agreed to such a move, insisting the crossing be opened in both directions.
Israel's announcement drew expressions of concern from several Muslim-majority nations, who said they opposed "any attempts to expel the Palestinian people from their land".
Abdelatty insisted on Saturday that Rafah "is not going to be a gateway for displacement. It's only for flooding Gaza with humanitarian and medical care".
(with AFP)
