President Joseph Boakai signed an executive order on Thursday to establish a war crimes court in Liberia, aiming to bring justice to the victims of the country's brutal civil wars. These wars, which occurred between 1989 and 2003, resulted in an estimated 250,000 deaths and were marked by widespread atrocities such as mass killings, torture, and sexual violence.
Human rights groups have documented horrific acts, including gang rapes of girls and the recruitment of children as soldiers, often after witnessing the murder of their parents. The establishment of the court follows years of advocacy by victims and activists for justice.
The legislation for the court was approved by both the parliament and the senate, with a majority of lawmakers, some of whom may face prosecution, supporting the initiative. President Boakai emphasized the importance of justice and healing for peace and harmony to prevail in Liberia.
A truth and reconciliation commission in 2009 identified individuals to be prosecuted for war crimes, but no action was taken by the government at that time. Justice became a significant issue in the presidential election, with Boakai's stance on accountability contributing to his victory over former President George Weah.
Liberia, founded by freed slaves from the United States in 1822, has a history intertwined with the quest for justice and the rule of law. The court's establishment is contingent on international donors providing funding, with the United States and other countries expressing interest in supporting the initiative once details are finalized.
The court aims to address the crimes committed during the civil wars, including atrocities by leaders of warring factions. Notably, former President Charles Taylor, currently serving a 50-year sentence in the UK for war crimes, was named by the truth and reconciliation committee as a key perpetrator.
While no trials have taken place in Liberia, individuals like Mohammed Jabbateh and Kunti Kamara have been convicted of war crimes abroad. Jabbateh, a rebel commander, received a 30-year sentence in the U.S. for heinous acts, while Kamara was sentenced to life in prison in France for crimes against humanity.
